Abstract:Background Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) highly expressed on regulatory T-cells (Tregs) inhibit the activation of pro-inflammatory T-cells responsible for eliminating cancer cells. Anti-CTLA-4 can enhance T-cell activation by increasing CD28 co-stimulatory signaling through CTLA-4 blockade or depletion of Tregs by Fc-dependent effector mechanisms. Strategies to improve its therapeutic efficacy are needed as patient response rates to anti-CTLA-4 are low. Response to anti-CTLA-4 has been p… Show more
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