432 Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of High School Girls Living in Kuwait: a Pilot Study

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to do a research on the level of awareness about sexually transmitted diseases (STD) of adolescence and the factors effecting it. Method A number of adolescent at the ages of 14-17 (n=527) were asked to complete a survey questioning their level of knowledge of STDs and their sociological and demographical issues.Data were entered into the SPSS 15.0 program and evaluated. A value of p<0.05 was assumed for statistical significance. Findings 78.9% of the adolescent responded positively to the question of whether or not they are aware of the fact that diseases could be transmitted via sexual intercourse. 48.6% of the adolescent responded negatively to whether or not they knew "how the diseases are transmitted", 59.4% responded negatively to whether or not they know "how to protect themselves from those diseases", and 67.2% responded negatively to whether or not they know "the symptoms of STDs". The count of the right answers were in increase in correlation with the education and economic level of the parents (p<0.05). The results showed that 49.3% of them learned information about STDs at school and from medical institutions. 9.3% of them stated that they had intercourse in the last one-year period and 8.0% of them utilized a method of protection. Result Awareness level of adults about STDs is inadequate. For that, schools and medical institutions, where they are inclined most to get education, should organize mass education events for them about these matters. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY AND 8-HYDROXY 2-DEOXY GUANOSINE AS AN OXIDATIVE MARKER IN Anthropology, National Research Centre, Cairo, EgyptBackground and Aim This study was conducted to assess the relationship between obesity markers (Body mass index "BMI", fat percentage) and DNA oxidative marker 8-hydroxyl guanosine (OHG), as a predictor for future clinical problems in obese adolescents of Giza. Methods The study was conducted on 103 adolescents aged 13-18 years (22 boys, 81 girls). BMI was calculated as body weight (kg) divided by height (m 2 ) squared and obesity was defined as BMI of 95 percentile. Fat percentage was determined by using Biological impedance technique. Oxidative stress markers as 8-hydroxyl guanosine, superoxide and gluthione were measured. The adolescents were divided according to BMI into two groups. Group I with BMI > 95 percentile and less than 97 percentile (obese) and Group ∩ with BMI > 97 percentile (severely obese). Results Significant differences were detected between the two groups of the study as regard obesity markers (BMI, fat %) and oxidative stress markers (lipid oxidation, superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, 8-hydroxyl guanosine) (p<0.0005). Significant positive correlations were detected between obesity markers and oxidative stress markers among severely obese adolescent (group II). Obesity is highly associated with states of oxidative stress in adolescents, with a positive relation with 8-hydroxy-guanosine and obesity markers and other oxidative marke...

Addressing schoolteacher food and nutrition-related health and wellbeing: a scoping review of the food and nutrition constructs used across current research

“…Dietary assessment construct terms included dietary intake ( n = 36, Additional file 7 ), dietary habits ( n = 1) [ 65 ], behaviours ( n = 1) [ 54 ], nutrition practice ( n = 1) [ 66 ] and nutrition patterns ( n = 1) [ 67 ], with additional dietary pattern analysis or dietary quality scores being calculated ( n = 3) [ 68 – 70 ]. Papers measuring dietary intake varied in methodology, using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) ( n = 18) [ 69 – 86 ], fruit and vegetable screeners ( n = 6) [ 87 – 92 ], fat screeners ( n = 2) [ 37 , 43 ], dietitian conducted 24-h recalls ( n = 3) [ 93 – 95 ], automatic 24-h recalls ( n = 3) [ 68 , 96 , 97 ], a one week food diary ( n = 1) [ 98 ], short food frequency measure ( n = 1) [ 99 ] or brief questions to measure food frequency across select food groups ( n = 2) [ 60 , 100 ].…”

“…Nutrition knowledge was measured across 33 papers (Additional file 7 ), with 15 using the construct term ‘ Nutrition knowledge ’ with various FN-focused questions observed, including local dietary guideline recommendations ( n = 8) [ 63 , 71 , 101 – 106 ], nutrient content and/or functions ( n = 7) [ 56 , 63 , 71 , 77 , 104 , 105 , 107 ], diet-disease relationship ( n = 4) [ 63 , 104 , 106 , 108 ], food safety and/or hygiene ( n = 5) [ 71 , 77 , 106 – 108 ]. Seventeen additional papers included nutrition knowledge under different construct terms or scores including nutrition literacy [ 109 ], knowledge of nutrition score and a knowledge of nutrients functions score [ 66 ], healthy food choices knowledge score [ 110 ], or combined in a multi-faceted construct that included nutrition knowledge along with attitudes and practices questions [ 111 ]. Where constructs were identified separately as knowledge or attitudes they have been allocated to each specific thematic category.…”

“…While some papers within this category included food safety questions ( n = 4) [ 55 , 77 , 106 , 108 ], those that focused solely on food safety knowledge, practices or skills were grouped separately under food safety practises or knowledge ( n = 5) [ 57 , 112 – 115 ]. Ten papers provided sample questions [ 2 , 64 , 101 , 102 , 106 , 110 , 116 – 119 ], with two papers stating nutrition knowledge was assessed, with another providing two nutrition knowledge scores, but none of these provided a description, tool reference or sample question to identify how nutrition knowledge was defined [ 54 , 66 , 120 ].…”

“…Within the food or eating habits and behaviours category a range of construct terms were identified across the 23 included papers (Additional file 7 ). The most common were eating habits, including frequency of meals or snacks consumed daily ( n = 4) [ 60 , 61 , 71 , 121 ] or meal skipping practices ( n = 2) [ 66 , 122 ]. Six papers used or included an adapted version of the Personal Health Index [ 43 ] which has six single item questions around teacher health perceptions, level of satisfaction with their eating habits and regularity of consuming recommended fruit and vegetable serves [ 2 , 37 , 43 , 46 , 99 , 123 ].…”

Kuwait child nutrition knowledge questionnaire: validity, reliability and use to assess Kuwaiti schoolchildren’s knowledge before and after a nutrition knowledge intervention

“…Little is known about the current levels of nutritional knowledge in young people living in Kuwait. Recent studies reported low overall nutritional knowledge in high-school and college students in Kuwait (6,7). Successful school interventions have been reported in other regions, with some showing improvements in children's diets with an increase in nutritional knowledge (8,9).…”