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Preparation and characterization of dense Pb1 – xLaxTiO3 (x = 0.0∼0.2) fibers through the sol–gel-related solvothermal process

“…18 Thus, the fibers pretreated by the solvothermal reaction are more flexible than those which were not. As reported previously, 14,18 another factor affecting the fiber density is the diameter of the fibers. By minimizing the thickness of the fibers, i.e.…”

“…Gas loss initially occurs from the fiber surface, leading to shrinkage of the surface, and subsequently propagates inside, which causes the formation of voids and cracks in the fibers. 14 The removal of the organic residues prior to the gel-to-ceramic fiber transformation is a key factor in achieving dense ceramic fibers. 14 Furthermore, the grain size of the fibers subjected to the solvothermal treatment is dramatically reduced.…”

“…14 The removal of the organic residues prior to the gel-to-ceramic fiber transformation is a key factor in achieving dense ceramic fibers. 14 Furthermore, the grain size of the fibers subjected to the solvothermal treatment is dramatically reduced. The grain size of the fibers which were not subjected to the solvothermal reaction is in the range 0.2y1.0 mm (Fig.…”

“…5,6 The peaks at 1550 and 1410 cm 21 are due to asymmetric symmetric carboxyl vibrations, respectively, 7,13 while the absorbances at 1335 and 932 cm 21 respectively result from the deformation vibration of CH 3 groups and C-C stretching vibrations. 14 The weak peak around 1100 cm 21 is attributed to the N-C bond of TEA. The bands in the low wavenumber region (400-650 cm 21 ) are assigned to Ti-O bond vibrations.…”

Crystallization and Morphology of Pb0.92La0.08(Zr0.68Ti0.32)0.98O3 Powders Synthesized Using the Gel‐Hydrothermal Process

“…However, until now there are very few works devoted to the fabrication of PLZT crystal powders with the pure perovskite phase structure and good dispersion. [3][4][5] Commonly, ceramic crystal powders can be prepared by using chemical solution methods, such as the solgel method, [6][7][8][9] the co-precipitation method, [10,11] and the hydrothermal method. Unfortunately, the crystal powders prepared from the sol-gel and co-precipitation methods all require a high-temperature calcination process, and numerous hard agglomerations will be formed during the heating process.…”