423

Kanter, M. M.; Lesmes, George R.; Ham-Saeger, Janet La; Kaminsky, Leonard A.; Nequin, Noel D.

doi:10.1249/00005768-198704001-00423

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This result is in accord with other studies (22,48,50,52,62). These increases presumably reflect persistent damage to the muscles, resulting in a loss of cell membrane integrity, and consequent leakage of proteins into the blood.…”

Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…They are disipated during their reaction with various ROS and can be replenished through the diet (21). Previous studies claim that in human, as in other species subjected to unusual physical activity, an imbalance may occur between free radical production and antioxidant levels leading to oxidative stress (22)(23)(24)(25). This stress may produce metabolic alterations and affect physical performance (26,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma antioxidant status and cell injury after severe physical exercise

Chevion

Moran

Heled

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

220

137

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Strenuous exercise leads to an increase in metabolic rate, increased production of reactive oxygen species, and compromised antioxidant defense systems. To study the effects of oxidative stress during strenuous exercise, a homogeneous group of 31 male subjects participated in a 6-month, 5 days͞week training schedule involving two extreme marches of 50 km and 80 km at sea level, separated by 2 weeks of regular training. Each participant carried 35 kg of extra weight. Blood samples were drawn imediately before and after each march. Twenty-nine subjects completed the 50-km march, and only 16 completed the 80-km march. Plasma levels of reduced ascorbic acid, total ascorbate, and dehydroascorbate did not undergo significant changes during either march. However, the 50-and 80-km marches led to 25% and 37% increases, respectively, in plasma levels of uric acid; due presumably to increases in the metabolic rate and consequent pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism. Both marches led to Ϸ10-fold increase leakage of creatine phosphokinase into the plasma. Likewise, plasma levels of aspartate transaminase, a characteristic marker of liver injury, increased Ϸ4-fold. Plasma levels of bilirubin, creatine, urea, and glucose also increased. Plasma protein carbonyl content, a marker of protein oxidative damage, decreased significantly during each march. These results are discussed with respect to the consideration that elevation of the respiration rate during exercise leads to production of more reactive oxygen species than the antioxidant systems can scavenge. Plausible explanations for leakage of molecules into the plasma are discussed.

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Section: Figsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma antioxidant status and cell injury after severe physical exercise

Chevion

Moran

Heled

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

220

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Methods used to determine the possible effect of exercise on OSS in humans include the measurement of vitamin E levels (66)(67)(68), plasma levels of malondialdehyde (69), and effects on enzyme levels (68,(70)(71)(72).…”

Section: "Trap" Of Oiotfl~iids Atzd Effect Of Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

1992 Syntex Award Lecture Model biomembranes: quantitative studies of peroxidation, antioxidant action, partitioning, and oxidative stress

Barclay¹

1993

Can. J. Chem.

173

140

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Tlris lecrure is dedicated ro Keith Irzgolcl L. R. C . BARCLAY. Can J. Chem. 71, 1 (1993). This review outlines a decade of research that employs quantitative kinetic methods of autooxidation to phospholipids aggregated into membranes. The classical rate law for autoxidation: was found to apply to heterogeneous systems of bilayers and micelles, where k, and 2k, are the rate constants for chain propagation and termination, respectively, and R,, the rate of chain initiation, is controlled b thermal initiators. The oridizobility of a typical lipid chain, linoleate 18:2, at 30°C was similar (0.02-0.04 M -" S -'~) in different media (solution, micelles, bilayers) and for different procedures using water-soluble or lipid-soluble initiators and inhibitors. A reduction in the absolute rate constant for termination, 2k,, by a hundredfold in bilayers of dilinoleoylphosphatidyl choline (DLPC) compared to that in rerr-butyl alcohol solution, and a drop in the k, by a factor of five are interpreted in terms of diffusion of polarized peroxyl radicals from the hydrophobic bilayer phase to the aqueous surface, where peroxyls are strongly solvated by water. Such phenomena may also account for significant changes as observed by "P NMR spectra in bilayer lamellar structure accompanying extensive peroxidation. Analysis of the hydroperoxides formed by peroxidation of mixed bilayers of DLPC + DPPC (16:O) initiated by a water-soluble initiator, azobis(2-amidinopropane.Hc1) (ABAP), showed a linear trend between the ratio of cis,trarzs to trnrls,frarzs geometrical isomeric hydroperoxides and [DPLC] consistent with a peroxidation mechanism proposed in homogeneous solution.The antioxidant activities, k,,,, of three classes of antioxidants: (a) polyalkyl-6-hydroxychromans (e.g., vitamin E), (0) polyalkyl-4-methoxyphenols, and (c) trialkylphenols, were measured in DLPC membranes. The results show an overall leveling and depression of k,,,', values in DLPC membranes in the series ( a ) (by several orders of magnitude), (b), and (c) compared to known values in solution in chlorobenzene. In aqueous bilayers it is proposed that kin,, values are attenuated by hydrogen bonding by water at both the p a r a ether oxygen and phenolic groups-. Restricted diffusion (e.g., of a-tocopherol) may also reduce antioxidant activities in membranes. A synergistic effect between ascorbic acid and atocopherol was discovered under conditions of inhibited peroxidation of linoleate in SDS micelles. The natural peptide glutathione, GSH, however, acts as a co-nrztio.ri~111rt with vitamin E by trapping peroxyls in the aqueous phase.Solid cholesterol was found to partition directly into PC lipsomes by shaking, above or below the phase transition temperature, and membrane-bound cholesterol, unlike the solid, undergoes facile peroxidation. A water-soluble form of c--tocopherol complexed with bovine serum albumin (a-toc:BSA) is an effective antioxidant for autoxidations of linoleate in SDS micelles. In contrast, a-toc:BSA required a long equilibration time (e.g., 12 h) wi...

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“…On utilise en particulier la formation de malondialdéhyde (MDA). Une corrélation positive entre le taux de MDA et de créatine kinase chez des coureurs après une course de 80 km a été mise en évidence (Kanter et al, 1988). Le taux de créatine kinase est souvent utilisé comme un marqueur de dommages musculaires dans de nombreuses études (Ebbeling & Clarkson, 1990, Stauber et al, 1990.…”

Section: Les Leucocytesunclassified

Stress oxydant, complémentation nutritionnelle en antioxydants et exercice

Gauche¹,

Hausswirth²

2006

Science & Motricité

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423

Cited by 3 publications

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Plasma antioxidant status and cell injury after severe physical exercise

Plasma antioxidant status and cell injury after severe physical exercise

1992 Syntex Award Lecture Model biomembranes: quantitative studies of peroxidation, antioxidant action, partitioning, and oxidative stress

Stress oxydant, complémentation nutritionnelle en antioxydants et exercice

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