400-fold reduction in saturation field by interlayering

Egelhoff, William F.; Bonevich, John E.; Pong, Philip W. T.; Beauchamp, Carlos; Stafford, Gery R.; Unguris, John; McMichael, Robert D.

doi:10.1063/1.3058673

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…A member of the Permalloy family, this material has large permeability and saturation magnetization, and offers nearly zero magnetostriction and nearly zero magnetocrystalline anisotropy [5,6]. Introducing a unidirectional anisotropy via exchange bias in soft magnetic materials could be a useful for introducing additional control over phenomena and sensors such as giant magneto-impedance (GMI) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exchange bias of mu-metal thin films

Kirby

Eggers

Jayathilaka

et al. 2012

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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The exchange bias of the soft ferromagnet mu-metal, Ni 77 Fe 14 Cu 5 Mo 4 , with the metallic antiferromagnet Fe 50 Mn 50 has been studied as a function of ferromagnet thickness and buffer layer material. Mu-metal exhibits classic exchange bias behavior: the exchange bias (H EB ) and coercive fields scale inversely with the ferromagnet's thickness, with H EB varying as the cosine of the in-plane applied field angle. While the exchange bias, coercivity, and exchange energy are greatest when the buffer layer material is (111) oriented Cu, amorphous Ta buffers allow the mu-metal to retain more of its soft magnetic character. The ability to preserve soft ferromagnetic behavior in an exchange biased heterostructure may be useful for low field sensing and other device applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exchange bias of mu-metal thin films

Kirby

Eggers

Jayathilaka

et al. 2012

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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“…There are no straight-forward means to manipulate the sensing range, sensitivity, and signal-to-noise ratio of GMR or TMR sensors without experimenting laboriously with different materials and fabrication parameters. [17][18][19] The performance of this dual-vortex-based field sensing mechanism with a single elliptical magnetic layer, on the opposite, can be directly controlled through two parameters in a relatively predictable manner. Its sensing range can be varied by the short axis/long axis ratio while its sensitivity can be determined by both its short axis/long axis ratio and perpendicular bias field H z .…”

Section: Comparison With Conventional Magnetoresistive Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic-field-sensing mechanism based on dual-vortex motion and magnetic noise

Zeng¹,

Zhou²,

Lin

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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In this study, we report two novel field sensing mechanisms using elliptical permalloy single layer. Using micromagnetic modeling, dual-vortex structure is observed and stabilized in elliptical permalloy single layer by applying hard bias field (along the y-axis) and vertical axis field (perpendicular to plane). During the increasing or decreasing of the hard bias field within certain range, the dual vortices would move away from or approach to each other at a constant velocity, leading to a positive correlation between the hard bias field and the vortex gap. By exploring the magnetic noise properties of the elliptical permalloy single layer under various vortex gap, the vortex gap is found to be positively correlated with both the FMR (Ferromagnetic Resonance) peak positions and the integrated thermally excited mag-noise. Therefore, the combination of the dual-vortex motion and the magnetic noise properties make it possible to measure external field (along hard bias direction) through measuring the FMR peak positions or integrated thermally mag-noise. This FMR-peak-based field sensing mechanism and integrated-noise-based field sensing introduce a simple field sensor structure with expected highest sensitivity to 1.1%/Oe and field detectable range over 1000 Oe, which is promising for potential sensor applications.

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“…Therefore the mechanism through which Ru interlayering makes the magnetic properties softer seems to be related to the suppression of the formation of this domain structure due to decoupling. This has been proposed as a practical way to retain the soft properties in applications that require thick ferromagnetic layers [5]. The advantage is lost for thinner Ni layers below the critical thickness.…”

Section: Magnetometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In several applications as laminated recording media [1], flux concentrators [2], and various synthetic ferrimagnetic [3] and anti-ferromagnetic [4] structures, ruthenium is a usual choice as an interlayer material providing anti-ferromagnetic coupling between magnetic layers. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the incorporation of lattice mismatched or structurally incoherent layers between soft magnetic layers can lead to a significant reduction in saturation and coercive fields [5] due to suppression of stripe domains. Soft magnets as permalloys and iron-cobalt alloys crystallize in cubic structures and are thus structurally incompatible with hexagonal Ru.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and magnetic properties of Ru/Ni multilayers

Mergia¹,

Tomou²,

Panagiotopoulos³

et al. 2011

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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400-fold reduction in saturation field by interlayering

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Exchange bias of mu-metal thin films

Exchange bias of mu-metal thin films

Magnetic-field-sensing mechanism based on dual-vortex motion and magnetic noise

Structural and magnetic properties of Ru/Ni multilayers

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