40-Gb/s TDM-PON Downstream Link With Low-Cost EML Transmitter and APD-Based Electrical Duobinary Receiver

Abstract

Abstract-We report a cost-effective 40-Gb/s time-division multiplexing passive optical network (TDM-PON) downstream link using 3-level electrical duobinary (EDB) modulation. The transmitter consists of a compact electroabsorption-modulated laser (EML) module. The receiver contains an avalanche photodiode (APD) packaged with a transimpedance amplifier (TIA), with digitally adjustable gain and bandwidth, followed by a duobinary decoder. Real-time eye diagram and bit-error rate (BER) measurements were performed. At a pre-forward error correction (FEC) BER of 10 −3 , a power budget of 23.6 dB in back-to-back conditions is demonstrated. For a dispersion range of −215 ps/nm to 128 ps/nm, the power penalty does not exceed 3 dB.

Adaptive Equalization for Dispersion Mitigation in Multi-Channel Optical Communication Networks

“…The eye-diagrams clearly show that the equalization improves the quality of multi-channel transmission, and hence improved performance can be achieved as compared with the OCN without equalization. BER below 10 −5 and Q-factor of more than 5 are achieved through simulation, which shows better efficiency as compared with other models, which were presented in [14][15][16][17][18].…”

“…Initially, the use of HOMs for optical communication was considered within conventional single mode fiber (SMF). However, as researchers exploited and optimized multiplexing in time, wavelength, polarization and phase to reach more capacity for the ever-growing traffic demand [15], HOMs are now used in other types of fibers, which support spatial combination of several modes. Generally, space-division multiplexing operates with two regimes: multicore fibers and multimode fibers.…”

State Estimation of Common Emitter Amplifier using Iterated Extended Kalman Filters

“…It is widely used in wideband resistive feedback low noise amplifier (LNA) [1], two cascaded common base and common emitter devices [2], frequency reconfigurable millimeter wave power amplifier (PA) [3], transimpedance amplifier circuit [4], class-F PA [5] and in dual-vector phase rotator (DVR) used to drive a Dohetry amplifier in beamformer [6]. BJT CE circuit is also used in monolithic microwave integrated circuit chip [7] and in transimpedance amplifier used in optical network link [8].…”

40-Gb/s PAM-4 Transmission Over a 40 km Amplifier-Less Link Using a Sub-5V Ge APD

“…Due to the stringent power budget and cost factor, non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation is considered less suitable as it would require more premium high-bandwidth transceivers, while being less spectrally efficient and as such more susceptible to chromatic distortion. Several different bitrates and implementations are under investigation, such as 25G, 40G or 50G and mainly focused on 3-level duobinary and 4-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) in order to leverage existing low-cost 25G-class components from the data center industry [1]- [3].…”