4-Terminal Inorganic Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells Offer 22% Efficiency

Abstract

After fast developing of single-junction perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells in the past 10 years, it is becoming harder and harder to improve their power conversion efficiencies. Tandem solar cells are receiving more and more attention because they have much higher theoretical efficiency than single-junction solar cells. Good device performance has been achieved for perovskite/silicon and perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells, including 2-terminal and 4-terminal structures. However, very few studies have been done about 4-terminal inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells. In this work, semi-transparent inorganic perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells are used to fabricate 4-terminal inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 21.25% for the tandem cells with spin-coated perovskite layer. By using drop-coating instead of spin-coating to make the inorganic perovskite films, 4-terminal tandem cells with an efficiency of 22.34% are made. The efficiency is higher than the reported 2-terminal and 4-terminal inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells. In addition, equivalent 2-terminal tandem solar cells were fabricated by connecting the sub-cells in series. The stability of organic solar cells under continuous illumination is improved by using semi-transparent perovskite solar cells as filter.

Recent advances in enhancing the photodetector performance of 2D materials by combining them with organic thin films

“…In recent years, the development of organic solar cells has been rapid, and more organic systems with higher conversion efficiencies and more excellent stability have been proposed, which will continue to promote the development of graphene/organic heterojunction detectors and even a more extensive range of 2D/organic heterojunctions. 237–241 In addition, novel biosynaptic, low-energy functional photodetector devices, photonic chips for on-chip computing, and susceptible biomonitoring detectors have been the trend in recent years. 242–246 At present, more and more new structures and materials better reduce the gap between the energy bands of organic materials and reduce the energy loss in transmission, such as heterojunctions with double donor–acceptor groups and supramolecular systems with double donor–acceptor groups, and in the future, these new materials and structures will be combined with graphene for in-depth exploration in order to improve the performance of graphene/organic photodetectors (Fig.…”

Synergistic electrical and light management enables efficient monolithic inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with over 24% efficiency

“…26 Therefore, selecting suitable compositions of two subcells and reducing the electrical and light recombination is still challenging for achieving high-efficiency inorganic perovskite/organic TSCs with suppressive voltage loss. 27,28…”

“…26 Therefore, selecting suitable compositions of two subcells and reducing the electrical and light recombination is still challenging for achieving high-efficiency inorganic perovskite/organic TSCs with suppressive voltage loss. 27,28 In this work, we developed a synergistic electrical and light management strategy to increase efficiency and maximize the open-circuit voltage (V oc ) in inorganic perovskite/organic TSCs. Compared with the commonly used SnO 2 electron transport layer (ETL), the Cl@MZO ETL improves the electron transfer efficiency and reduces energy loss.…”

Antimony Potassium Tartrate Stabilizes Wide-Bandgap Perovskites for Inverted 4-T All-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiencies over 26%

“…To further improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs, strategies such as interface engineering, bandgap regulation, and structural design are widely proposed [ 6 – 10 ]. Tandem solar cells, consisting of a wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite front cell and a bottom cell with a narrow-bandgap light absorber such as narrow-bandgap perovskites [ 11 – 14 ], silicon [ 15 – 18 ], Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 [ 19 , 20 ], and organic semiconductors [ 21 , 22 ], have been demonstrated to be an effective strategy to break the Shockley–Queisser efficiency limit of single-junction cells.…”