4.P.210 Apolipoprotein B48 and retinyl palmitate are not equivalent markers of postprandial intestinal lipoproteins

Lemieux, Simone; Fontani, Riccardo; Uffelman, Kristine D.; Lewis, G.F.; Steiner, Georg

doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(97)89738-9

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Similar observations were reported for apoB-48 and RE. 40 We hypothesize that apoB-48 and RLP-C reflect particles with identical behavior, whereas RE marks the properties of intestinal postprandial lipoprotein particles with a different metabolic behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High Dose of Simvastatin Normalizes Postprandial Remnant-Like Particle Response in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Twickler

Dallinga‐Thie

Valk

et al. 2000

ATVB

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Abstract-Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and disturbances in postprandial lipoprotein metabolism are both associated with premature atherosclerosis. The effect of ␤-hydroxy-␤-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors on plasma cholesterol levels in patients with FH is well established; however, it is not known whether postprandial lipoproteins are also influenced. In this case-controlled intervention study, we investigated the effects of high-dose simvastatin on postprandial lipoproteins. We used a new method to analyze remnant lipoproteins based on the immunoseparation principle (remnant-like particle cholesterol [RLP-C] assay) and the well-established measurement of retinyl ester (RE) analysis in plasma and in the Svedberg flotation unit (Sf)Ͻ1000 fraction. Seven heterozygous FH patients and 7 control subjects matched for sex, age, body mass index, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein E genotype were enrolled in the study. An oral vitamin A (RE) fat-loading test was performed at baseline in both groups and after 3 months of high-dose simvastatin (80 mg/d) treatment in the FH patients. Before treatment, FH patients had significantly higher fasting and postprandial concentrations of lipoprotein remnants (plasma RLP-C 42Ϯ19 mg/dL and area under the RLP-C curve, respectively) than did control subjects (7Ϯ3 mg/dL and 101Ϯ35 mg ⅐ L Ϫ1 ⅐ h Ϫ1 , respectively; PϽ0.05), suggesting a delayed clearance of chylomicron remnant particles in the FH patients. Treatment with simvastatin significantly reduced fasting and postprandial remnant lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (13Ϯ3 mg/dL and 136Ϯ53 mg ⅐ L Ϫ1 ⅐ h Ϫ1 , respectively; PϽ0.05 for both). Postprandial RE in the SfϽ1000 fraction, not total RE in plasma, was also significantly higher in FH patients than in control subjects (24Ϯ10 versus 6.3Ϯ5.9 mg ⅐ L Ϫ1 ⅐ h

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High Dose of Simvastatin Normalizes Postprandial Remnant-Like Particle Response in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Twickler

Dallinga‐Thie

Valk

et al. 2000

ATVB

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“…Metabolic studies have revealed that most of the retinyl esters in plasma are present in small chylomicrons; significant amounts are found in large chylomicrons, and smaller amounts are found in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (108). Studies have been carried out in differentiated Caco-2 cells under postprandial conditions to determine the mechanism of retinol secretion by the intestine.…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal lipid absorption

Iqbal¹,

Hussain²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

652

484

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Our knowledge of the uptake and transport of dietary fat and fat-soluble vitamins has advanced considerably. Researchers have identified several new mechanisms by which lipids are taken up by enterocytes and packaged as chylomicrons for export into the lymphatic system or clarified the actions of mechanisms previously known to participate in these processes. Fatty acids are taken up by enterocytes involving protein-mediated as well as proteinindependent processes. Net cholesterol uptake depends on the competing activities of NPC1L1, ABCG5, and ABCG8 present in the apical membrane. We have considerably more detailed information about the uptake of products of lipid hydrolysis, the active transport systems by which they reach the endoplasmic reticulum, the mechanisms by which they are resynthesized into neutral lipids and utilized within the endoplasmic reticulum to form lipoproteins, and the mechanisms by which lipoproteins are secreted from the basolateral side of the enterocyte. apoB and MTP are known to be central to the efficient assembly and secretion of lipoproteins. In recent studies, investigators found that cholesterol, phospholipids, and vitamin E can also be secreted from enterocytes as components of high-density apoB-free/apoAI-containing lipoproteins. Several of these advances will probably be investigated further for their potential as targets for the development of drugs that can suppress cholesterol absorption, thereby reducing the risk of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease.intestine; dietary fat; triacylglycerol; cholesterol; phospholipids; fat-soluble vitamins; microsomal triglyceride transfer protein DIETARY FATS CONSIST OF A WIDE ARRAY of polar and nonpolar lipids (32, 33). Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the dominant fat in the diet, contributing 90 -95% of the total energy derived from dietary fat. Dietary fats also include phospholipids (PLs), sterols (e.g., cholesterol), and many other lipids (e.g., fatsoluble vitamins). The predominant PL in the intestinal lumen is phosphatidylcholine (PC), which is derived mostly from bile (10 -20 g/day in humans) but also from the diet (ϳ1-2 g/day). The predominant dietary sterols are cholesterol (mostly of animal origin) and ␤-sitosterol (the major plant sterol). Although ␤-sitosterol accounts for 25% of dietary sterols, it is not absorbed by humans under physiological conditions.Researchers have been investigating the various steps involved in lipid digestion, absorption, and metabolism to identify factors that could serve as targets for the development of drugs capable of reducing the risk of lipid-associated disorders, including dyslipidemias and cardiovascular disease. In so doing, they have explored key aspects of lipid digestion hydrolysis, emulsification, and micelle formation. They have also explored key issues of absorption, e.g., the uptake of the products of lipid hydrolysis by enterocytes (the epithelial cells lining the walls of the intestinal lumen) and their transport to intracellular compartments, where fatty acids and sterols are...

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“…Additionally, correlations have been reported between the apo B-48 methods are associated with problems related to instability, complexity, reproducibility and inaccuracy regarding the assay target 19,20) . In contrast, apo B-48 is a component of CMs and CM-remnants; therefore, the apo B-48 concentration is a direct marker of alteration of the meal-derived TG concentration, although the apo B-48 concentration in the peripheral blood is approximately one-fiftieth or one-hundredth of the apo B-100 concentration.…”

Section: Calculation Of the Upper Reference Limit For The Apo B-48 Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Interval for the Apolipoprotein B-48 Concentration in Healthy Japanese Individuals

Masuda

Nishida

Arai

et al. 2014

J Atheroscler Thromb

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Aim: Small intestine-derived chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants, which are predominant in patients with postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, chylomicron syndrome and/or familial dyslipidemia, carry one molecule of apolipoprotein B-48 (apo B-48) per lipoprotein particle. We investigated the reference interval for the apo B-48 concentration. Methods: We studied 516 individuals who provided written informed consent and confirmed that they were not taking any medications. BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure and the fasting serum concentrations of LDL-C, triglyceride (TG), HDL-C and apo B-48 were measured. The Apo B-48 concentrations were compared according to sex, a pre-or postmenopausal status, dyslipidemia (LDL-C ≥ 140 mg/ dL, TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, HDL-C ＜40 mg/dL), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the number of risk factors. Results: The fasting apo B-48 concentrations (mean±SD) were significantly higher in men than in women (3.8±3.3 μg/mL vs 2.4±1.9 μg/mL, p＜0.001), subjects with a BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m 2 versus a BMI of ＜25 kg/m 2 (4.4±3.7 μg/mL vs 2.8±2.4 μg/mL, p＜0.001) and those with versus without MetS (6.5±4.3 μg/mL vs 3.0±2.6 μg/mL, p＜0.001). High apo B-48 concentrations were also observed in correlation with the number of risk factors for the MetS. The upper reference limit of apo B-48 was estimated to be 5.7 μg/mL among the 332 patients with normolipidemia, excluding those exhibiting a mean value above ±2.58 standard deviations (SDs), as the mean and range of mean ±1.96 SD were calculated to be 2.04 μg/mL (reference value) and 0.74 to 5.65 μg/mL (reference interval), respectively. Conclusions: Based on our study of normolipidemic patients, the upper reference limit for the fasting apo B-48 concentration is estimated to be 5.7 μg/mL. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2014; 21:618-627.

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4.P.210 Apolipoprotein B48 and retinyl palmitate are not equivalent markers of postprandial intestinal lipoproteins

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

High Dose of Simvastatin Normalizes Postprandial Remnant-Like Particle Response in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

High Dose of Simvastatin Normalizes Postprandial Remnant-Like Particle Response in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Intestinal lipid absorption

Reference Interval for the Apolipoprotein B-48 Concentration in Healthy Japanese Individuals

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