4-Methylumbelliferone And Its Derived Compounds: A Brief Review Of Their Cytotoxicity

Abstract

Many efforts have been directed toward the isolation of natural products, and using them to synthesize new chemical agents, and explore their cytotoxic attributes. However, finding new chemotherapeutic agents with towering potentials in the terms of high activity and target-selectivity, as well as minimal side effects is still out of hand. To satisfy that, medicinal chemists directed much of their research toward screening the cytotoxic activity of the isolated products and synthetic compounds. One of the most investigated bands of compounds is those belong to coumarin-family. Although most of these family members exhibited characteristic cytotoxic attributes, the compound termed 4-methylumbelliferone and chemically named 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin showed, with its derived compounds, an exceptional activity in cancer therapy. This effect included the ability of these compounds to counteract the mechanisms of the multidrug-tumor resistance, cover the side potentials of the currently used chemotherapeutic drugs, and boost the tumor sensitivity to phototherapy. In this report, we browsed the literature to report the recent advances for the application of 4-methylumbelliferone and its derived compounds as cytotoxic agents and identify the structural requirements for the maximum selectivity versus each cancer-phenotype. The outcomes of this report may help in the direction of research toward designing and synthesizing new 4-methylumbelliferone-derived products exhibiting the best selectivity and green-side potentials.

Untitled

“…Coumarin the class's prototype, was initially isolated from Tonka bean (coumaru) by Vogel in 1820, giving rise to the word "coumarin" [22]. Despite having a benzopyran-2one nucleus, coumarins differ in the presence and placement of substituents [23][24][25]. Coumarins may be found in a wide range of natural sources and can also be prepared through a range of chemical interactions [26].…”

Design, Synthesis, and Anti-mycobacterial Evaluation of New 3,5-Disubstituted-pyrazole-1-carbothioamides

“…The problem is commonly known that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has developed resistance to any of these drugs [5]. Oxygen and nitrogencontaining heterocyclic moieties have been reported as active compounds against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV), and HIV thus exhibited a potential diversity of biological activities [6][7][8][9]. In particular, electron-rich nitrogen heterocycles play a vital role in various pharmacological activities [10].…”

Untitled

“…In the green vegan world, coumarin-based products are originated via the shikimic acid pathway and viewed as multifunctional secondary metabolites [2]. These products showed a high structural diversity that results in various biological potentials such as anticancer, anticoagulant, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, antihistamine, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory [3][4][5][6]. The isolation and characterization of the natural products constitute a rooted target of the current global trend to find bioactive agents that can treat the common human-health threats [7].…”