4 Dispersive kinetics

Płonka, Andrzej

doi:10.1039/b100666p

Cited by 53 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 288 publications

(362 reference statements)

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“…Next we discuss how the above reaction schemes can give rise to the degradation kinetics observed in this study, that is, those given by the power‐law and stretched‐exponential expressions in Equations (1) and (2), respectively. These expressions arise naturally in the case of so‐called dispersive chemical kinetics, as discussed in several comprehensive review papers by Plonka . Dispersive kinetics occurs when the rate constants K 1 and K 2 are time‐dependent and given by power‐law functions [Eq.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamics of charge density degradation is described in terms of power‐law and stretched‐exponential decay and is influenced by the Ni 3+ concentration. The underlying causes of these functions are explored within the framework of dispersive chemical reaction kinetics, which allows us to discuss microscopic mechanisms for the charge density evolution. Degradation of optical modulation is due to increased optical transmittance in both bleached and colored states, thus indicating a critical depletion of Ni 3+ sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anodic Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Thin Films: Decay of Charge Density upon Extensive Electrochemical Cycling

2016

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Electrochromic (EC) Ni oxide thin film is a critical component in the "smart windows". However, long-term decay of the EC performance in aprotic electrolytes is persistent and poorly understood, and it is difficult to assess life-times of EC devices. Here we report on charge density decline upon electrochemical cycling. The charge density decay was modeled with a power law or, alternatively, a stretched exponential; both models describe a rapid drop of charge density during the first hundreds of cycles and a subsequent slower decline. The decay is independent of film composition and applied potential range as long as the upper limit of the potential is ≤4.4 V vs. Li/Li + . Our decay models are interpreted in terms of dispersive chemical reaction kinetics and point at ion diffusion as the rate-limiting step.Power-law exponents are consistent with diffusion. The results provide a framework for evaluating EC durability of Ni-oxide-based thin films and may be important for assessing the durability of EC devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodic Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Thin Films: Decay of Charge Density upon Extensive Electrochemical Cycling

2016

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“…The fitting parameters depended on film composition and voltage range for ion insertion/extraction. The underlying model for degradation may be connected with dispersive chemical kinetics [157] and involve a variety of diffusion-limited reactions that still are poorly understood.…”

Section: Long-term Durability Assessment Of Ec Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic materials and devices for energy efficiency and human comfort in buildings: A critical review

Granqvist

Arvizu

Pehlivan

et al. 2018

Electrochimica Acta

404

192

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Electrochromic (EC) materials can be integrated in thin-film devices and used for modulating optical transmittance. The technology has recently been implemented in large-area glazing (windows and glass facades) in order to create buildings which combine energy efficiency with good indoor comfort. This critical review describes the basics of EC technology, provides a case study related to EC foils for glass lamination, and discusses a number of future aspects. Ample literature references are given with the object of providing an easy entrance to the burgeoning research field of electrochromics.

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“…This has resulted in the formulation of socalled dispersive kinetics, 31 which is based on the existence of reaction sites with different activation energies depending on reaction time, conversion, or spatial location. Such variations in activation energy can be modeled by a distribution function.…”

Section: Distribution Of Activation Energiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Analysis of O₂- and NO₂-Based Oxidation of Synthetic Soot

2012

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This study demonstrates the application of two different methods to evaluate the kinetics of O 2 -and NO 2 -based oxidation of carbonaceous matter. The influence of reactor setup and experiment execution on the accuracy and interpretation of the kinetic parameters is also discussed. The fundamental difference between the two methods lies in how rate changes during the progress of oxidation are interpreted: by changes in the fraction of atoms available for reaction (traditional approach) or by changes in the activation energy (unconventional approach). Using the traditional approach, it was found that two parallel reactions with a first-order reaction model and a third-order Avrami− Erofeyev model could accurately reproduce the O 2 -based oxidation curves. The same model (with a different set of parameter values) could also describe the NO 2 -based kinetics. The unconventional method also provided an accurate representation of the data and can thus function as a complementary evaluation method.

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4 Dispersive kinetics

Cited by 53 publications

References 288 publications

Anodic Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Thin Films: Decay of Charge Density upon Extensive Electrochemical Cycling

Anodic Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Thin Films: Decay of Charge Density upon Extensive Electrochemical Cycling

Electrochromic materials and devices for energy efficiency and human comfort in buildings: A critical review

Kinetic Analysis of O₂- and NO₂-Based Oxidation of Synthetic Soot

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4 Dispersive kinetics

Cited by 53 publications

References 288 publications

Anodic Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Thin Films: Decay of Charge Density upon Extensive Electrochemical Cycling

Anodic Electrochromic Nickel Oxide Thin Films: Decay of Charge Density upon Extensive Electrochemical Cycling

Electrochromic materials and devices for energy efficiency and human comfort in buildings: A critical review

Kinetic Analysis of O2- and NO2-Based Oxidation of Synthetic Soot

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Kinetic Analysis of O₂- and NO₂-Based Oxidation of Synthetic Soot