4-Coumarate:CoA ligase family members from elicitor-treated Sorbus aucuparia cell cultures

Gaid, Mariam; Scharnhop, Helge; Ramadan, Hussein; Beuerle, Till; Beerhues, Ludger

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2010.11.021

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…We have checked the expression of PAL1 and PAL2 because these genes proved to be important for lignin synthesis and also have functional specialization in abiotic environmentally-triggered flavonoid synthesis [51]. Expression of various 4CLs, including 4CL1, 4CL2 and 4CL3, and the 4CL activity were also shown to respond to different stresses, in particular to pathogen-related elicitor treatment [52,53] and UV-B irradiation [50,54,55]. Our findings suggest that plant tissues possess a specific receptor that recognizes diadenosine tri-and/or tetraphosphates but not adenine mononucleotides and apparently triggers a cascade of events to yield these protective metabolites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap₃A and Ap₄A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Pietrowska‐Borek¹,

Nuc²,

Zielezińska³

et al. 2011

FEBS Open Bio

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It is known that cells under stress accumulate various dinucleoside polyphosphates, compounds suggested to function as alarmones. In plants, the phenylpropanoid pathways yield metabolites protecting these organisms against various types of stress. Observations reported in this communication link these two phenomena and provide an example of a metabolic “addressee” for an “alarm” signaled by diadenosine triphosphate (Ap3A) or diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A). In response to added Ap3A or Ap4A, seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana incubated in full nutrition medium increased both the expression of the genes for and the specific activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase, enzymes that control the beginning of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Neither adenine mononucleotides (AMP, ADP or ATP) nor adenosine evoked such effects. Reactions catalyzed in vitro by these enzymes were not affected by Ap3A or Ap4A.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap₃A and Ap₄A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Pietrowska‐Borek¹,

Nuc²,

Zielezińska³

et al. 2011

FEBS Open Bio

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“…ATP left over in the enzyme assay is quantified and inversely proportional to the CoA ligase activity studied. Incubation of the S. aucuparia 4CL isoenzyme 1 with the nonsubstrate benzoic acid (Gaid et al, 2011) served as a negative control, and luciferase activity measured was set as 100% (Fig. 5A).…”

Section: Functional Analysis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The raw data were presented as counts per second and expressed as relative luciferase activity, which correlates with the ATP concentration. ATP quantification was normalized by a reaction containing Sorbus aucuparia 4CL1 (ADF30254; Gaid et al, 2011) and benzoic acid. This reaction failed to utilize ATP; thus, the ATP content was considered as 100%.…”

Section: Luciferase-based Enzyme Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamate:CoA Ligase Initiates the Biosynthesis of a Benzoate-Derived Xanthone Phytoalexin in Hypericum calycinum Cell Cultures

Gaid

Sircar²,

Müller³

et al. 2012

Plant Physiology

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Although a number of plant natural products are derived from benzoic acid, the biosynthesis of this structurally simple precursor is poorly understood. Hypericum calycinum cell cultures accumulate a benzoic acid-derived xanthone phytoalexin, hyperxanthone E, in response to elicitor treatment. Using a subtracted complementary DNA (cDNA) library and sequence information about conserved coenzyme A (CoA) ligase motifs, a cDNA encoding cinnamate:CoA ligase (CNL) was isolated. This enzyme channels metabolic flux from the general phenylpropanoid pathway into benzenoid metabolism. HcCNL preferred cinnamic acid as a substrate but failed to activate benzoic acid. Enzyme activity was strictly dependent on the presence of Mg2+ and K+ at optimum concentrations of 2.5 and 100 mm, respectively. Coordinated increases in the Phe ammonia-lyase and HcCNL transcript levels preceded the accumulation of hyperxanthone E in cell cultures of H. calycinum after the addition of the elicitor. HcCNL contained a carboxyl-terminal type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal made up by the tripeptide Ser-Arg-Leu, which directed an amino-terminal reporter fusion to the peroxisomes. Masking the targeting signal by carboxyl-terminal reporter fusion led to cytoplasmic localization. A phylogenetic tree consisted of two evolutionarily distinct clusters. One cluster was formed by CoA ligases related to benzenoid metabolism, including HcCNL. The other cluster comprised 4-coumarate:CoA ligases from spermatophytes, ferns, and mosses, indicating divergence of the two clades prior to the divergence of the higher plant lineages.

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“…RNA (1 mg) was reverse transcribed at 42°C with RevertAid H Minus Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase (Fermentas; www.thermoscientificbio.com) and an oligo(dT) primer. SaPAL transcripts were analyzed using forward primer 8 and reverse primer 9 (Supplemental Table S3), as described previously (Gaid et al, 2011). SaBIS1 transcripts were analyzed using gene-specific primer pair 10 (forward) and 11 (reverse) according to Liu et al (2010).…”

Section: Rt-pcr Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphenyl 4-Hydroxylases Involved in Aucuparin Biosynthesis in Rowan and Apple Are Cytochrome P450 736A Proteins

Sircar¹,

Gaid

Chizzali

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

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Upon pathogen attack, fruit trees such as apple (Malus spp.) and pear (Pyrus spp.) accumulate biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins, with aucuparin as a major biphenyl compound. 4-Hydroxylation of the biphenyl scaffold, formed by biphenyl synthase (BIS), is catalyzed by a cytochrome P450 (CYP). The biphenyl 4-hydroxylase (B4H) coding sequence of rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) was isolated and functionally expressed in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). SaB4H was named CYP736A107. No catalytic function of CYP736 was known previously. SaB4H exhibited absolute specificity for 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl. In rowan cell cultures treated with elicitor from the scab fungus, transient increases in the SaB4H, SaBIS, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase transcript levels preceded phytoalexin accumulation. Transient expression of a carboxyl-terminal reporter gene construct directed SaB4H to the endoplasmic reticulum. A construct lacking the amino-terminal leader and transmembrane domain caused cytoplasmic localization. Functional B4H coding sequences were also isolated from two apple (Malus 3 domestica) cultivars. The MdB4Hs were named CYP736A163. When stems of cv Golden Delicious were infected with the fire blight bacterium, highest MdB4H transcript levels were observed in the transition zone. In a phylogenetic tree, the three B4Hs were closest to coniferaldehyde 5-hydroxylases involved in lignin biosynthesis, suggesting a common ancestor. Coniferaldehyde and related compounds were not converted by SaB4H.

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4-Coumarate:CoA ligase family members from elicitor-treated Sorbus aucuparia cell cultures

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap₃A and Ap₄A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap₃A and Ap₄A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cinnamate:CoA Ligase Initiates the Biosynthesis of a Benzoate-Derived Xanthone Phytoalexin in Hypericum calycinum Cell Cultures

Biphenyl 4-Hydroxylases Involved in Aucuparin Biosynthesis in Rowan and Apple Are Cytochrome P450 736A Proteins

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4-Coumarate:CoA ligase family members from elicitor-treated Sorbus aucuparia cell cultures

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap3A and Ap4A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap3A and Ap4A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cinnamate:CoA Ligase Initiates the Biosynthesis of a Benzoate-Derived Xanthone Phytoalexin in Hypericum calycinum Cell Cultures

Biphenyl 4-Hydroxylases Involved in Aucuparin Biosynthesis in Rowan and Apple Are Cytochrome P450 736A Proteins

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Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap₃A and Ap₄A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Diadenosine polyphosphates (Ap₃A and Ap₄A) behave as alarmones triggering the synthesis of enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana