4. Commodity Diplomacy

Cornago, Noé

doi:10.1163/9789004249554_006

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…A research by Sergounin found that the development of a border area in Russian North West is good results of the inter-regional cooperation, between the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions (Russian Federation) and the Komi and Karelia Republics (Finland) 6 . Kempe & Van Meurs research found the same thing that inter regional cooperation is also done by the governor in Estonia, Lithuania, and Russia by making a Cooperation Council with the aim of promoting socioeconomic and political transborder relations in 1996 7 . Furthermore, and in order to promote interregional co-operation, Sakhalin has signed agreements with Alaska and the Japanese Hokkaido prefecture 8 .…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 90%

Paradiplomacy Roles in Border Diplomacy.Case Study: Camar Bulan, Temajok, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Rachmawati¹,

Dewi²

2020

AJSS

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The paradiplomacy or the subnational actors who hold diplomatic practices has important role in diplomacy, including border diplomacy. Not only has it succeeded in influencing relations between countries, but they have also been a driver of development in the border area which most of them are often underdeveloped. In the Indonesia-Malaysia border region in West Kalimantan, especially the Camar Bulan hamlet, the role of paradiplomacy is also quite significant. This area is an underdeveloped area with minimal access to roads, communications, and electricity. Unfortunately, this area has some border conflicts between Indonesia and Malaysia in Camar Bulan enclave. Through an in-depth interview method and documentation study, the research found that the subnational actors that are the local official of Regional Border Management Agency and the Paloh district officer were able to play a unique role in managing borders while attracting the attention of the central government to accelerate development in the region. It was unique because they were not always copying central government policy in maintaining territory sovereignty. The lack of information and coordination on national borders encourages subnational actors to choose their own way to solve the problem of national borders.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 90%