4 Chromosomes

Tobari, Yoshiko N.; Go�i, Beatriz; Tomimura, Yoshihiko; Matsuda, Muneo

doi:10.1159/000422631

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Males also carry a submetacentric or metacentric Y chromosome. Salivary gland nuclei show six long banded euchromatic arms, consistent with earlier reports; [30][31][32][33] no banding is detected on the 4 th chromosome, suggesting that it is heterochromatic. In the meiotic nuclei of primary spermatocytes, a tetravalent between X, Y and 4 th chromosomes is observed in all species of the ananassae subgroup except the three members of the ercepeae complex (D. merina, D. vallismaia and D. ercepeae) ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Evolution in theDrosophila ananassaespecies subgroup

Matsuda¹,

Ng²,

Doi³

et al. 2009

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Drosophila ananassae and its relatives have many advantages as a model of genetic differentiation and speciation. In this report, we examine evolutionary relationships in the ananassae species subgroup using a multi-locus molecular data set, karyotypes, meiotic chromosome configuration, chromosomal inversions, morphological traits, and patterns of reproductive isolation. We describe several new taxa that are the closest known relatives of D. ananassae. Analysis of Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial haplotypes, shared chromosome arrangements, pre-mating isolation and hybrid male sterility suggests that these taxa represent a recent evolutionary radiation and may experience substantial gene flow. We discuss possible evolutionary histories of these species and give a formal description of one of them as D. parapallidosa Tobari sp. n. The comparative framework established by this study, combined with the recent sequencing of the D. ananassae genome, will facilitate future studies of reproductive isolation, phenotypic variation and genome evolution in this lineage.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Evolution in theDrosophila ananassaespecies subgroup

Matsuda¹,

Ng²,

Doi³

et al. 2009

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“…We are not the first to suggest this. Three other studies reached similar conclusions: Futch (1966) presented cytological evidence of a cryptic species in Papua New Guinea, Tobari et al . (1993) found a second cytological variant in Papua New Guinea, and Van Klinken et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Evolution of mating isolation between populations ofDrosophila ananassae

et al. 2008

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Prezygotic mating isolation has been a major interest of evolutionary biologists during the past several decades because it is likely to represent one of the first stages in the transition from populations to species. Mate discrimination is one of the most commonly measured forms of prezygotic isolation and appears to be relatively common among closely related species. In some cases, it has been used as a measure to distinguish populations from subspecies, races, and sister species, yet the influences of various evolutionary mechanisms that may generate mate discrimination are largely unknown. In this study, we measured the level and pattern of mate discrimination among 18 populations of a cosmopolitan drosophilid species, Drosophila ananassae, from throughout its geographical range and its sister species, Drosophila pallidosa, which has a restricted geographical distribution in the South Pacific Islands. In addition, we measured genetic differentiation between all 18 populations using mitochondrial DNA polymorphism data. Mate discrimination varies considerably throughout the species range, being higher among populations outside the ancestral Indonesian range, and highest in the South Pacific. Our results suggest that colonization and genetic differentiation may have an influence on the evolutionary origin of mate discrimination. Our phylogeographical approach clarifies the ancestral relationships of several populations from the South Pacific that show particularly strong mate discrimination and suggests that they may be in the early stages of speciation. Furthermore, both the genetic and behavioral results cast doubt on the status of D. pallidosa as a good species.

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“…The mitotic chromosomes of D. ananassae were first described by Metz (1916). Following this initial investigation, Kaufmann (1936), Kikkawa (1938), and Tobari et al (1993) established the karyotype as three pairs of V-shaped chromosomes, a V-shaped X, and a rod or J-shaped Y in the male complement. The number of arms seen in polytene chromosome preparations was first reported as six by Kikkawa (1935).…”

Section: Ananassae Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromosome maps-D. ananassae: The D. ananassae strain AABBg1 was used for genomic sequencing instead of the strain used to develop the polytene map (Moriwaki and Ito 1969;Tobari et al 1993). The AABBg1 strain was used because it was the most highly inbred strain available at the time that genome sequencing began.…”

Section: Ananassae Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AABBg1 strain was used because it was the most highly inbred strain available at the time that genome sequencing began. The polytene chromosome map strain (Moriwaki and Ito 1969;Tobari et al 1993) has been used extensively to develop the D. ananassae physical map genes using in situ hybridization. The karyotypes of the polytene map strain and AABBg1 have the same standard arrangement on all chromosomes except for Muller C (chromosome 3L), where the polytene strain has the standard arrangement and AABBg1 has the terminal inversion In(3L)A with breakpoints at 75B and 81A.…”

Section: Ananassae Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polytene Chromosomal Maps of 11 Drosophila Species: The Order of Genomic Scaffolds Inferred From Genetic and Physical Maps

et al. 2008

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The sequencing of the 12 genomes of members of the genus Drosophila was taken as an opportunity to reevaluate the genetic and physical maps for 11 of the species, in part to aid in the mapping of assembled scaffolds. Here, we present an overview of the importance of cytogenetic maps to Drosophila biology and to the concepts of chromosomal evolution. Physical and genetic markers were used to anchor the genome assembly scaffolds to the polytene chromosomal maps for each species. In addition, a computational approach was used to anchor smaller scaffolds on the basis of the analysis of syntenic blocks. We present the chromosomal map data from each of the 11 sequenced non-Drosophila melanogaster species as a series of sections. Each section reviews the history of the polytene chromosome maps for each species, presents the new polytene chromosome maps, and anchors the genomic scaffolds to the cytological maps using genetic and physical markers. The mapping data agree with Muller's idea that the majority of Drosophila genes are syntenic. Despite the conservation of genes within homologous chromosome arms across species, the karyotypes of these species have changed through the fusion of chromosomal arms followed by subsequent rearrangement events. O NE of the primary strengths of the genus Drosophila as a model system has been the relative ease of generating detailed cytogenetic maps. Indeed, the first definitive mapping of genes to chromosomes Genetics 179: 1601-1655 ( July 2008) was performed in Drosophila melanogaster (Bridges 1916). The subsequent discovery of polytene chromosomes in the salivary glands in this same species (Painter 1934) and their codification into fine-structure genetic/ cytogenetic maps represents perhaps one of the first forays into ''genomics.'' Polytene maps (Bridges 1935;Lefevre 1976) provided an important genetic tool for mapping genes, for detecting genetic diversity within populations, and for inferring phylogenies among related species (Dobzhansky and Sturtevant 1938;Judd et al. 1972;Ashburner and Lemeunier 1976;Lemeunier and Ashburner 1976). Sturtevant and Tan (1937) laid the groundwork for comparative genomics when they established that genes within the chromosomal arms are conserved or syntenic among species. In an insightful melding of the gene mapping and evolutionary studies, H. J. Muller (1940) proposed that the genomes of Drosophila species were subdivided into a set of homologous elements represented by chromosome arms. What Muller (1940) noted, which was subsequently elaborated on by Sturtevant and Novitski (1941), was that the presumed homologs of identified mutant alleles within a chromosome arm of D. melanogaster were also confined to a single arm in other species within the genus where mapping data were available. Using D. melanogaster as a reference, Muller proposed that each of the five major chromosome arms plus the dot chromosome be given a letter designation (A-F) and that this nomenclature be used to identify equivalent linkage groups within the genus.The an...

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4 Chromosomes

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Evolution in theDrosophila ananassaespecies subgroup

Evolution in theDrosophila ananassaespecies subgroup

Evolution of mating isolation between populations ofDrosophila ananassae

Polytene Chromosomal Maps of 11 Drosophila Species: The Order of Genomic Scaffolds Inferred From Genetic and Physical Maps

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