3rd-Generation Biofuels: Bacteria and Algae as Sustainable Producers and Converters

Lackner, Maximilian

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6431-0_90-1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Second-generation (2G) biomass is lignocellulosic material obtained from agricultural product waste, or other biomass not used for human consumption. Biofuels derived from algal biomass, being it microalgae or macroalgae, can be defined as third-generation (3G) biofuels [3,34]; thus, algal biomass can be defined as third-generation biomass. The literature mentions also a fourth-generation biomass, which consists of microorganisms, such as cyanobacteria, with genetically engineered metabolic pathways, that can convert sunlight directly into biofuels and other desired products [34][35][36].…”

Section: Classification Of Renewable Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth mentioning that all renewable sources, especially for the energy sector, should be explored in roadmap plans for a sustainable future. This idea has been stressed in the literature for a long time [3,34,38]. Improvement in technology for 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-generation biofuels, making them more economically viable, will lead to the gradual substitution of fossil-based fuels.…”

Section: Classification Of Renewable Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The carbon footprint theme is relatively new, being studied as an index for the contribution of individuals, companies, and government entities to global warming [1,2]. Sustainability is the measure of human production in harmony with nature and maintenance of planet Earth's climate stability [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii as a Potential Raw Material for Fermentation Processes within the Biorefinery Concept: Challenges and Perspectives

Tabacof,

Calado,

Pereira

2024

Fermentation

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Seaweed is a fast-growing biomass source that is currently studied as feedstock for sustainable industrial production in a wide variety of markets. Being composed mostly of polysaccharides, macroalgae can be integrated in biorefineries for obtaining bioproducts via fermentation. Kappaphycus alvarezii has been introduced experimentally to Brazil’s south coastline in 1995 and is now cultivated on a large scale to keep up with the high carrageenan demand in various industrial sectors. In this review article, an introduction is given on renewable biomass and environmental issues, focusing especially on third-generation biomass and its promising features and use advantages. Later on, the processing of K. alvarezii for the use of its saccharide portion for fermentative processes is approached. The current state of research conducted alongside challenges and hurdles in K. alvarezii hydrolysate fermentation processes provides insight into future studies needed to make new fermentation processes viable. Next, some fermentation products are discussed, and the metabolism of galactose in microorganisms is also presented to bring to light other possible fermentation products that are not yet, but can be, obtained from K. alvarezii. Finally, a simple and comprehensive scheme for K. alvarezii fermentation biorefinery is presented to demonstrate a generic example for a possible configuration for obtaining valuable bio-products. In the literature, production of ethanol and lactic acid were already reported from K. alvarezii. This review aims to help envision new industrial processes that can be developed for this most valuable macroalga.

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Section: Classification Of Renewable Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classification Of Renewable Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii as a Potential Raw Material for Fermentation Processes within the Biorefinery Concept: Challenges and Perspectives

Tabacof,

Calado,

Pereira

2024

Fermentation

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“…Pod biogoriva prve generacije spadaju biogoriva dobijena iz poljoprivrednih kultura (kukuruza, soje, šećerne repe, škroba i sl.) [8][9][10]. Biogoriva druge i treće generacije se često nazivaju i naprednim gorivima.…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

Third generation biofuels: Cultivation methods and technologies for processing of microalgal biofuels

Preradović¹,

Papuga²

2021

Zaštita materijala

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Energy production from biomass is gaining a lot of attention. Algal oil (microand macroalgae) can be used for biofuel production. Biofuels from this type of feedstock are called third generation biofuels or advanced biofuels. Focus of this paper is on the microalgal biofuels and on the available process technologies. Very important advantage of microalgal biofuels is that microalgae can be cultivated on any type of land, with the possibility of using wastewater streams. Microalgae can be cultivated in open systems, so called "raceway ponds" or in closed systems - photobioreactors: flat panel photobioreactors, horizontal tubular, vertical tubular photobioreactors with or without airlift. Also, basic information on cultivation conditions (photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, mixotrophic and photoheterotrophic) are presented. Available technologies for microalgal biofuels production are: transesterification, fermentation, pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, anaerobic digestion and biomass to liquids (BtL). Additionally, basic information on life cycle assessment of microalgae cultivation and CO2 sequestration potential is given in the final chapter of this work.

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Sustainable Solution for Future Energy Challenges Through Microbes

Sahni¹,

Singh²,

Narang³

2021

Energy

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3rd-Generation Biofuels: Bacteria and Algae as Sustainable Producers and Converters

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

The Macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii as a Potential Raw Material for Fermentation Processes within the Biorefinery Concept: Challenges and Perspectives

The Macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii as a Potential Raw Material for Fermentation Processes within the Biorefinery Concept: Challenges and Perspectives

Third generation biofuels: Cultivation methods and technologies for processing of microalgal biofuels

Sustainable Solution for Future Energy Challenges Through Microbes

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