3dcitydb4bim: A System Architecture for Linking Bim Server and 3d Citydb for Bim-Gis-Integration

Hijazi, Ihab; Krauth, Tobias; Donaubauer, Andreas; Kolbe, Thomas H.

doi:10.5194/isprs-annals-v-4-2020-195-2020

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Additinally, there is the problem with storage of sensor data collected from different sensors. Several papers cover integration of city data, mainly stored as CityGML [43,44]. Such solutions are often only visualization tools, and data are stored separately [22].…”

Section: (C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Data in Smart City: Management Challenges

et al. 2021

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Smart cities use digital technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, or open data in order to overcome limitations of traditional representation and exchange of geospatial data. This concept ensures a significant increase in the use of data to establish new services that contribute to better sustainable development and monitoring of all phenomena that occur in urban areas. The use of the modern geoinformation technologies, such as sensors for collecting different geospatial and related data, requires adequate storage options for further data analysis. In this paper, we suggest the biG dAta sMart cIty maNagEment SyStem (GAMINESS) that is based on the Apache Spark big data framework. The model of the GAMINESS management system is based on the principles of the big data modeling, which differs greatly from standard databases. This approach provides the ability to store and manage huge amounts of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data in real time. System performance is increasing to a higher level by using the process parallelization explained through the five V principles of the big data paradigm. The existing solutions based on the five V principles are focused only on the data visualization, not the data themselves. Such solutions are often limited by different storage mechanisms and by the ability to perform complex analyses on large amounts of data with expected performance. The GAMINESS management system overcomes these disadvantages by conversion of smart city data to a big data structure without limitations related to data formats or use standards. The suggested model contains two components: a geospatial component and a sensor component that are based on the CityGML and the SensorThings standards. The developed model has the ability to exchange data regardless of the used standard or the data format into proposed Apache Spark data framework schema. The verification of the proposed model is done within the case study for the part of the city of Novi Sad.

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Section: (C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Data in Smart City: Management Challenges

et al. 2021

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“…For instance, an often discussed integration is the one with 3D city models and other types of geoinformation (GeoBIM), cf. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Inspection of IFC Models from Practice

et al. 2021

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Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is a complete, wide and complex open standard data model to represent Building Information Models. Big efforts are being made by the standardization organization buildingSMART, to develop and maintain this standard in collaboration with researchers, companies and institutions. However, when trying to use IFC models from practice for automatic analysis, some issues emerge, as a consequence of a misalignment between what is prescribed by, or available in, the standard with the data sets that are produced in practice. In this study, a sample of models produced by practitioners for aims different from their explicit use within automatic processing tools is inspected and analyzed. The aim is to find common patterns in data set from practice and their possible discrepancies with the standard, in order to find ways to address such discrepancies in a next step. In particular, it is noticeable that the overall quality of the models requires specific additional care by the modellers before relying on them for automatic analysis, and a high level of variability is present concerning the storage of some relevant information (such as georeferencing).

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“…These alignments either refer to schema-or instance-level of the information models whereby this paper primarily addresses instance-level alignments. As an example for instance-level alignments, Hijazi et al [77] relate IFC and CityGML models utilizing a relation table in which GMLIDs of CityGML buildings are related to IFC models. Hor et al [68] propose a method to link IFC and CityGML models using semantic web technologies and the concepts equivalent, as-is, and has an attribute.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to that, the integration method linking is used when there are high requirements for data sovereignty or for the timeliness of information [84,85]. For instance, Hijazi et al [77] link two building models represented in CityGML and IFC to avoid time-consuming preprocessing of files and prevail control about privacy rights on the data. As another example, McGlinn et al [14] apply the linking for controlled sharing building data related to both BIM and GIS.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As an example, some authors link IFC and CityGML models at building or project level (low granularity level) [77] with while others relate more granular objects such as specific windows to each other (high granularity level) [78]. The consequent alignment at the project level (Alignment 1) is sufficient for visualization purposes at which the IFC model replaces one whole building in a CityGML model (Function 1) [77].…”

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Analyzing Contextual Linking of Heterogeneous Information Models from the Domains BIM and UIM

Beck

Abualdenien

Hijazi

et al. 2021

IJGI

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Information models from the domains Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Urban Information Modeling (UIM) are generally considered as information silos due to their heterogeneous character. These information silos can be bridged through linking where corresponding objects are identified and linked subsequently. However, whether two objects are considered as corresponding might depend on the scenario for which the links are created. The dependency of the link creation and the scenario refers to the term contextual linking and is analyzed in this paper with respect to building and city models. Therefore, different situational aspects influencing the link creation are discussed. Afterwards, the issue of contextual linking is demonstrated based on three different integration scenarios. In summary, this paper has three major outcomes: First, this paper introduces an application-oriented perspective on information integration and emphasize the role of the application when linking heterogeneous information models. Second, this paper shows that linking heterogeneous information models from the domains BIM and UIM at instance level depends on the scenario. Third, the results of the discourse about contextual linking serve as a framework supporting the design and development of artifacts for linking heterogeneous information models from the domains BIM and UIM.

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3dcitydb4bim: A System Architecture for Linking Bim Server and 3d Citydb for Bim-Gis-Integration

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Big Data in Smart City: Management Challenges

Big Data in Smart City: Management Challenges

An Inspection of IFC Models from Practice

Analyzing Contextual Linking of Heterogeneous Information Models from the Domains BIM and UIM

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