3d 𝒩 = 2 theories and plumbing graphs: adding matter, gauging, and new dualities

Abstract

Recently, a large class of 3d 𝒩 = 2 gauge theories with mixed Chern-Simons levels, corresponding to plumbing 3-manifolds, has been identified. In this paper we generalize these theories by including in their content chiral multiples, and analyze their properties. We find that the content of such theories can be encoded in graphs, which generalize plumbing graphs, and various operations in these theories can be represented in terms of transformations of such graphs. The operations in question include gauging global symmetries, integrating out gauge nodes, which for theories without chiral multiplets corresponds to Kirby moves, and ST-transformations that involve chiral multiplets. The dualities such as mirror triality and SQED-XYZ duality can be also represented in terms of graphs, and enable us to find many new dual theories by gauging global symmetries. In particular, we find that gauged SQED-XYZ duality leads to other dualities, which take the same form as operations of linking and unlinking discussed in the context of knots-quivers correspondence. We also find that the superpotential can be encoded in an interesting class of triangle graphs that satisfy certain consistency conditions, we discuss decoupling and Higgsing of chiral multiplets, as well as interpretation of various phenomena in terms of brane webs.