3D Thermal Monitoring of Jointed Rock Masses through Infrared Thermography and Photogrammetry

Grechi, Guglielmo; Fiorucci, Matteo; Marmoni, Gian Marco; Martino, Salvatore

doi:10.3390/rs13050957

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Casagli et al [29] combined different technologies, including UAV and IRT, for landslide mapping and monitoring, while Frodella et al [30] used UAV photogrammetry and IRT for the non-destructive survey of a large rupestrian site. Grechi et al [31] worked on 3D dense point clouds of rock masses built from both RGB and IRT images, highlighting the potential and feasibility of such approaches even in the study of the relation between geomechanical and thermal properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV-Based Photogrammetry and Infrared Thermography Applied to Rock Mass Survey for Geomechanical Purposes

2022

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A research study aimed at the extending the means of estimating ISRM (International Society for Rock Mechanics) geomechanical parameters through non-contact methodologies, in the frame of the remote survey of rock masses, is herein presented. It was conducted by coupling UAV-based photogrammetry and Infrared Thermography. Starting from georeferenced UAV surveys and the definition of rock masses’ RGB point clouds, different approaches for the extraction of discontinuity spatial data were herein compared according to the ISRM subjective and objective discontinuity sampling criteria. These were applied to a survey a window and along a scanline, both defined on the dense point clouds, to simulate a field rock mass survey, although carried out on remotely acquired data. Spatial discontinuity data were integrated via the analysis of dense point clouds built from IRT images, which represents a relatively new practice in remote sensing, and the processing of thermograms. Such procedures allowed the qualitative evaluation of the main geomechanical parameters of tested rock masses, such as aperture, persistence and weathering. Moreover, the novel parameters of Thermal-spacing (T-spacing) and Thermal-RQD (T-RQD) are herein introduced in a tentative attempt at extending the application field of IRT to remote rock mass surveys for practical purposes. The achieved results were validated by field campaign, demonstrating that a remote survey of rock masses can be conducted according to the ISRM procedures even on models built by integrating RGB and IRT photogrammetry. In fact, these two technologies are positively complementary and, besides being feasible, are characterized by a relatively quick and non-contact execution. Thanks to the positive and satisfactory results achieved herein, this research contributes to the implementation of the scientific and technical casuistry on the remote survey of rock masses, which is a technical field offering a wide range of applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UAV-Based Photogrammetry and Infrared Thermography Applied to Rock Mass Survey for Geomechanical Purposes

2022

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“…In praxis, having a cross aluminum paper target placed on the façade, the center of the target is visible on the TIR image because the aluminum part reflects thermal radiation of the cold of the sky (dark color in our case), and paper (bright color) emits thermal radiation—significantly warmer itself (see Figure 4 ). Similar targets were used in [ 5 ]. However, in some cases, even black and white printed photogrammetric targets could be visible on TIR images.…”

Section: Affine Transformation For Sharpening Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The texture from TIR images was then applied to the DSM and the result was the 3D textured model with the thermal infrared information. Reference [ 5 ] presented a method of generating a point cloud from TIR images captured by a TIR camera and a point cloud from RGB images captured by a DSLR camera. Images were processed separately using the SfM method; from both groups of images, colored point clouds were generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformations in the Photogrammetric Co-Processing of Thermal Infrared Images and RGB Images

Dlesk

Vach²,

Pavelka

2021

Sensors

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The photogrammetric processing of thermal infrared (TIR) images deals with several difficulties. TIR images ordinarily have low-resolution and the contrast of the images is very low. These factors strongly complicate the photogrammetric processing, especially when a modern structure from motion method is used. These factors can be avoided by a certain co-processing method of TIR and RGB images. Two of the solutions of co-processing were suggested by the authors and are presented in this article. Each solution requires a different type of transformation–plane transformation and spatial transformation. Both types of transformations are discussed in this paper. On the experiments that were performed, there are presented requirements, advantages, disadvantages, and results of the transformations. Both methods are evaluated mainly in terms of accuracy. The transformations are presented on suggested methods, but they can be easily applied to different kinds of methods of co-processing of TIR and RGB images.

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“…The study of the effects of deformation in thermally forced rock masses has aroused growing interest in engineering geologists in the last decade. In this context, digital photogrammetry and infrared thermography and laser scanning have become the two most frequently used analysis techniques in engineering geology applications as they can provide useful information on the geomechanical and thermal conditions of these complex natural systems [16,17]. Photogrammetry and 3D scanning were used in the Pinchango Alto research in Peru [18].…”

Section: Background Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Digital Models of Objects of Cultural Heritage Obtained by the “3D SLS” and “SfM” Methods

et al. 2021

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In the era of the global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, 3D digitisation of selected museum artefacts is becoming more and more frequent practice, but the vast majority is performed by specialised teams. The paper presents the results of comparative studies of 3D digital models of the same museum artefacts from the Silk Road area generated by two completely different technologies: Structure from Motion (SfM)—a method belonging to the so-called low-cost technologies—and by Structured-light 3D Scanning (3D SLS). Moreover, procedural differences in data acquisition and their processing to generate three-dimensional models are presented. Models built using a point cloud were created from data collected in the Afrasiyab museum in Samarkand (Uzbekistan) during “The 1st Scientific Expedition of the Lublin University of Technology to Central Asia” in 2017. Photos for creating 3D models in SfM technology were taken during a virtual expedition carried out under the “3D Digital Silk Road” program in 2021. The obtained results show that the quality of the 3D models generated with SfM differs from the models from the technology (3D SLS), but they may be placed in the galleries of the vitrual museum. The obtained models from SfM do not have information about their size, which means that they are not fully suitable for archiving purposes of cultural heritage, unlike the models from SLS.

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3D Thermal Monitoring of Jointed Rock Masses through Infrared Thermography and Photogrammetry

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

UAV-Based Photogrammetry and Infrared Thermography Applied to Rock Mass Survey for Geomechanical Purposes

UAV-Based Photogrammetry and Infrared Thermography Applied to Rock Mass Survey for Geomechanical Purposes

Transformations in the Photogrammetric Co-Processing of Thermal Infrared Images and RGB Images

Comparative Analysis of Digital Models of Objects of Cultural Heritage Obtained by the “3D SLS” and “SfM” Methods

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