3D-structured electrocatalysts for improved mass-transfer in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes

Tempelaere, Matthieu; Zimmermann, Marc; Chatenet, Marian

doi:10.1016/j.coelec.2023.101353

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Appart from using different ink deposition methods, different CL structures may be obtained with improved transport properties by other means. Including ordering and 3D structuring in the CL has shown a positive impact on mass transport properties and catalyst utilization, as highlighted in a recent review (Tempelaere et al, 2023), due to a decrease in tortuosity and enhanced Pt accessibility in ordered structures. Ordering in CL relies on more involved synthesis and deposition processes, compared with ink deposition, which must be comprehensively analyzed if attempting the transfer from laboratory to industrial fabrication.…”

Section: Structure Of the Porous Layer And Fabrication Processmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The morphology of the porous layers, especially the CL, has a major impact on water management in the cell (Litster and McLean, 2004;Conde et al, 2019;Chen et al, 2020;Liu S. et al, 2023;Tempelaere et al, 2023). Morphology is characterized by several parameters, including agglomerate size, secondary pore size and density, thickness, and tortuosity.…”

Section: Structure Of the Porous Layer And Fabrication Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local oxygen transport resistance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells: origin, dependencies and mitigation

García-Salaberri,

Das,

Chaparro

2024

Front. Energy Res.

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Next-generation polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) require an integral design of the porous structure of electrodes at different scales to improve performance and enlarge durability while reducing cost. One of today’s biggest challenges is the stable, high-performance operation at low Pt loading due to the detrimental effect of the local oxygen transport resistance caused by ionomer around catalyst sites. Hindered local oxygen transport arises from sluggish kinetics at the local reaction environment, that comprises adsorption at (wet) ionomer and Pt interfaces, and diffusivity of gas species in ionomer and water. Diverse factors affect oxygen transport, including operating conditions (relative humidity, temperature, and pressure), ionomer content and morphology, ionomer heterogeneity, porosity of carbon support, catalyst dispersity, and flooding. To attain performance and durability targets, it is essential to maximize the oxygen utilization of the catalyst layer by implementing enhanced membrane electrode assembly architectures. This involves employing advanced catalyst layer preparation techniques, including electrospraying, to generate optimized highly porous morphologies. Furthermore, achieving these targets necessitates the development of new materials with tailored properties, such as high permeability and porous ionomers, among other innovative strategies.

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Section: Structure Of the Porous Layer And Fabrication Processmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Structure Of the Porous Layer And Fabrication Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local oxygen transport resistance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells: origin, dependencies and mitigation

García-Salaberri,

Das,

Chaparro

2024

Front. Energy Res.

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“…Pt nanoparticles supported on a carbon black, like Pt/Vulcan XC72) and an ionomer, that plays the role of polymeric binder, proton conducting phase and water-conducting phase. 8–10 Whereas the ionomer is crucial to the electrochemical operation of the electrodes (in particular at the cathode), it also conveys adverse effects: the particular interaction between the hydrophilic (–SO 3 − groups) and the hydrophobic (–CF 2 –CF 2 –) backbone of usual perfluorosulfonated ionomers and the complex Pt/C surface induces the formation of a “skin” of ionomer that covers the Pt/C nanoparticles 11–13 which limits the access of oxygen to the Pt sites and the evacuation of water formed upon ORR. 14,15 The induced oxygen mass-transport resistance through this ionomer film has since been recognized as a major issue in PEMFC cathodes when one intends to operate at large current density, 5,16 especially when the cathode Pt loading is decreased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the platinum-loading in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes influence the durability of the membrane-electrode assembly?

Sgarbi,

Ait Idir,

Labarde

et al. 2023

Ind. Chem. Mater.

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Integrating Pt–Co Nanoalloy and Sulfur-Doped Co–N–C to Construct Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Niu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Achieving high catalytic activity and stability with low platinum loading is vital for reducing the cost of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and enabling their large-scale commercialization. Herein, a three-dimensional (3D) nitrogen sulfur codoped carbon nanocomposite support embedded with Co nanoparticles derived from sulfur-doped zeolite imidazolate frameworks-67 was synthesized. After Pt nanoparticles are loaded, it can act as an excellent ORR catalyst (3D LPCNSC) for hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells. The existing metal Co are beneficial for catalyzing the growth of carbon nanotubes, generating CoN x structures, and partially forming Pt–Co nanoalloys. Nitrogen sulfur codoping can enhance metal–support interactions between Pt/Pt–Co and sulfur-doped Co–N–C by regulating the interfacial charge transfer. The 3D conductive network constructed using graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes contributes to enhanced electron and mass transfer. As a result, the 3D LPCNSC catalyst with a relatively lower Pt loading (13.65%) exhibits a superior half-potential, higher mass activity, and superb stability in comparison to commercial Pt/C (20%). A membrane electrode assembly assembled with this catalyst achieves a peak power density of 983.8 mW cm–2 in a hydrogen–oxygen single cell. This work highlights a promising avenue for the structure and component design of low platinum nanocatalyst for PEMFCs.

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3D-structured electrocatalysts for improved mass-transfer in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes

Cited by 4 publications

References 63 publications

Local oxygen transport resistance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells: origin, dependencies and mitigation

Local oxygen transport resistance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells: origin, dependencies and mitigation

Does the platinum-loading in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes influence the durability of the membrane-electrode assembly?

Integrating Pt–Co Nanoalloy and Sulfur-Doped Co–N–C to Construct Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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