3D spatial information infrastructure: The case of Port Rotterdam

Zlatanova, Sisi; Beetz, Jakob

doi:10.1051/3u3d/201203010

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Recently, 3D models have been employed for this purpose, for instance, in managing ports [299], airports [300], and utility networks [301][302][303].…”

Section: Facility Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review

Biljecki

Stoter

Ledoux

et al. 2015

IJGI

610

380

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In the last decades, 3D city models appear to have been predominantly used for visualisation; however, today they are being increasingly employed in a number of domains and for a large range of tasks beyond visualisation. In this paper, we seek to understand and document the state of the art regarding the utilisation of 3D city models across multiple domains based on a comprehensive literature study including hundreds of research papers, technical reports and online resources. A challenge in a study such as ours is that the ways in which 3D city models are used cannot be readily listed due to fuzziness, terminological ambiguity, unclear added-value of 3D geoinformation in some instances, and absence of technical information. To address this challenge, we delineate a hierarchical terminology (spatial operations, use cases, applications), and develop a theoretical reasoning to segment and categorise the diverse uses of 3D city models. Following this framework, we provide a list of identified use cases of 3D city models (with a description of each), and their applications. Our study demonstrates that 3D city models are employed in at least 29 use cases that are a part of more than 100 applications. The classified inventory could be useful for scientists as well as stakeholders in the geospatial industry, such as companies and national mapping agencies, as it may serve as a reference document to better position their operations, design product portfolios, and to better understand the market.

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“…Recently, 3D models have been employed for this purpose, for instance, in managing ports [299], airports [300], and utility networks [301][302][303].…”

Section: Facility Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review

Biljecki

Stoter

Ledoux

et al. 2015

IJGI

610

380

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“…Zlatanova, et al [71] stated that one of the limitations of the conversion between IFC and CityGML is the missing semantics. Even if the semantic information is complete after conversion, the original meaning of the attributes does not retain [72].…”

Section: Conversion Translation and Extension Of Existing Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A State-of-the-Art Review on the Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS)

Liu

Wang

Wright

et al. 2017

IJGI

314

247

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Abstract:The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS) has been identified as a promising but challenging topic to transform information towards the generation of knowledge and intelligence. Achievement of integrating these two concepts and enabling technologies will have a significant impact on solving problems in the civil, building and infrastructure sectors. However, since GIS and BIM were originally developed for different purposes, numerous challenges are being encountered for the integration. To better understand these two different domains, this paper reviews the development and dissimilarities of GIS and BIM, the existing integration methods, and investigates their potential in various applications. This study shows that the integration methods are developed for various reasons and aim to solve different problems. The parameters influencing the choice can be summarized and named as "EEEF" criteria: effectiveness, extensibility, effort, and flexibility. Compared with other methods, semantic web technologies provide a promising and generalized integration solution. However, the biggest challenges of this method are the large efforts required at early stage and the isolated development of ontologies within one particular domain. The isolation problem also applies to other methods. Therefore, openness is the key of the success of BIM and GIS integration.

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“…Furthermore, questions arise with regard to the efficient mapping not only of geometry but also semantics. Zlatanova et al (2013) state that one of the limitations of the conversion between IFC and CityGML is the missing semantics that are stored in enriched IFC models, which is one of the challenges this paper aims to address.…”

Section: Approaches To Data Integration and Interoperabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BIMserver and IFCExplorer are able to convert successfully the IFC Geometry but lack semantic mapping (Donkers et al, 2016). One tool that can address both geometry and semantic conversion tasks is Feature Manipulation Engine (FME) (Safe Software, 2017) which allows the geometries and semantics to be maintained, addressing the issue of lossy conversions especially in terms of semantic information that often arises in unidirectional methodological approaches (Zlatanova, 2013). Also, the capability to manipulate each entity separately during the conversion process results in tackling issues that automatic methods occasionally overlook (Donkers et al, 2016) and may affect negatively the generated model.…”

Section: Available Data Conversion Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Interoperability Capabilities Between Ifc and Citygml Lod 4 – Retaining Semantic Information

Floros

Ellul

Dimopoulou

2018

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Applications of 3D City Models range from assessing the potential output of solar panels across a city to determining the best location for 5G mobile phone masts. While in the past these models were not readily available, the rapid increase of available data from sources such as Open Data (e.g. OpenStreetMap), National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies and increasingly Building Information Models facilitates the implementation of increasingly detailed 3D Models. However, these sources also generate integration challenges relating to heterogeneity, storage and efficient management and visualization. CityGML and IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) are two standards that serve different application domains (GIS and BIM) and are commonly used to store and share 3D information. The ability to convert data from IFC to CityGML in a consistent manner could generate 3D City Models able to represent an entire city, but that also include detailed geometric and semantic information regarding its elements. However, CityGML and IFC present major differences in their schemas, rendering interoperability a challenging task, particularly when details of a building’s internal structure are considered (Level of Detail 4 in CityGML). The aim of this paper is to investigate interoperability options between the aforementioned standards, by converting IFC models to CityGML LoD 4 Models. The CityGML Models are then semantically enriched and the proposed methodology is assessed in terms of model’s geometric validity and capability to preserve semantics.</p>

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3D spatial information infrastructure: The case of Port Rotterdam

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review

Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review

A State-of-the-Art Review on the Integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS)

Investigating Interoperability Capabilities Between Ifc and Citygml Lod 4 – Retaining Semantic Information

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