1998
DOI: 10.1016/s0268-0033(98)00095-3
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3D shoulder position measurements using a six-degree-of-freedom electromagnetic tracking device

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Cited by 203 publications
(170 citation statements)
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“…2,[16][17][18][19] There have been, however, few reports about AC motion using cadaver models, 20,21 roentgenography, 2 and the insertion of pins into the bone. 5 Recently, Meskers et al 3 and Pronk et al 4 evaluated in vivo motion of the clavicle and AC joint using 3D electromagnetic tracking systems. This system, however, has disadvantages such as the lack of 3D positional data of the clavicle due to recording only two bony landmarks.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…2,[16][17][18][19] There have been, however, few reports about AC motion using cadaver models, 20,21 roentgenography, 2 and the insertion of pins into the bone. 5 Recently, Meskers et al 3 and Pronk et al 4 evaluated in vivo motion of the clavicle and AC joint using 3D electromagnetic tracking systems. This system, however, has disadvantages such as the lack of 3D positional data of the clavicle due to recording only two bony landmarks.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This system, however, has disadvantages such as the lack of 3D positional data of the clavicle due to recording only two bony landmarks. 3,4 Ludewig et al 22 overcame this problem by applying surface electromagnetic sensors to skin with adhesive tape. They succeeded in measuring in vivo 3D clavicular motion including the axial rotation during dynamic arm elevation, although the skin motion artifact of the sensor would occur over approximately 1108 of arm abduction.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…A fourth receiver was attached to a stylus, which was used for the digitization of landmarks described in the subsequent section. 24,25 While the subjects stood with their arms at their side, several bony landmarks on the thorax, scapula, and humerus of the dominant limb were palpated and digitized with the stylus. The digitized landmarks appear in Table 2.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of studies have also 123 reported intra-observer and inter-observer reliabilities of the locator; the values are in 124 the ranges of 3-5° for the intra-observer and 4-6° for the inter-observer errors [de 125 Groot, 1997, Meskers et al, 1998] . The intra-observer errors were further improved 126 to 1-3.5° by Shaheen et al (2011a).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%