“…A fixed camera is used a reference and its performance is compared with those of three scanning techniques, namely structured light scanner (SL), LIDAR (L), photogrammetry with high resolution camera (Pc), and an autonomous, low-cost photogrammetry system (Pl). The performances in reproducing the plant shape are assessed with the purpose of developing and standardizing a low-cost procedure to monitor the crop growth, saving time and resources [7,8]. Indeed, while 2D measurement performed by a fixed camera allows for a real-time monitoring thanks to sub-hourly image acquisition, on the other hand it would probably not be a feasible solution in a greenhouse, especially in vertical farms.…”