“…Over the last few decades, reflection seismic methods have been developed and improved for mineral exploration and mine planning, mainly 2D seismic surveys, due to their lower cost and footprints compared to 3D surveys (Wright et al, 1994;Milkereit et al, 1996;Eaton et al, 2003aEaton et al, , 2003bChen et al, 2004;Malehmir & Bellefleur, 2009;Dehghannejad et al, 2010;Cheraghi et al, 2011Cheraghi et al, , 2013Koivisto et al, 2012;Ahmadi et al, 2013;Malehmir et al, 2014Malehmir et al, , 2017aDonoso et al, 2019;Heinonen et al, 2019;Bräunig et al, 2020;Gil et al, 2021). Recently, however, there has been an increased use of 3D seismic surveys for this purpose in Canada (Adam et al, 2003;Cheraghi et al, 2015;Bellefleur et al, 2015), South Africa (Manzi et al, 2012(Manzi et al, , 2013(Manzi et al, , 2019, Australia (Urosevic et al, 2012), Finland (Malehmir et al, 2012(Malehmir et al, , 2018Singh et al, 2019) and Sweden (Malehmir et al, 2021). Here, we present the first 3D seismic survey in the mineral-endowed Bergslagen region for massive sulphides targeting in the Zinkgruvan mining area (Fig.…”