3D printing of tough nature inspired hierarchical architecture using chicken bone and eggshell biowaste for biomedical applications

Das, Manojit; Jana, Arijit; Dixit, Astha; Mishra, Rajat; Maity, Swapan; Ramachandran, Karthik; Basha, Shaik Salam; Maiti, Pralay; Panda, Sushanta Kumar; Arora, Amit; Owuor, Peter Samora; Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.06.220

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The spectra for the ESP revealed the characteristic peaks of calcium carbonate at 1398, 871, and 712 cm –1 . , While the broad band at 1398 cm –1 is assigned to the carbonate mineral within the eggshell due to stretching of carbonate groups, the peaks at 871 and 712 cm –1 are associated with in-plane deformation and off-plane deformation modes as a result of the presence of calcium carbonate. , The pristine PCL (ESP-0) spectrum displays peaks at 2943 and 2865 cm –1 , which are associated with asymmetric and symmetric CH 2 stretching, respectively. , A high peak at 1720 cm –1 indicates a carbonyl stretching mode, and the peak at 1293 cm –1 is affiliated with C–O and C–C stretching in the crystalline phase. The ESP spectra revealed the characteristic peaks of calcium carbonate at 1398, 871, and 712 cm –1 . , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spectra for the ESP revealed the characteristic peaks of calcium carbonate at 1398, 871, and 712 cm −1 . 48,49 While the broad band at 1398 cm −1 is assigned to the carbonate mineral within the eggshell due to stretching of carbonate groups, the peaks at 871 and 712 cm −1 are associated with in-plane deformation and off-plane deformation modes as a result of the presence of calcium carbonate. 49,50 The pristine PCL (ESP-0) spectrum displays peaks at 2943 and 2865 cm −1 , which are associated with asymmetric and symmetric CH 2 stretching, respectively.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ESP spectra revealed the characteristic peaks of calcium carbonate at 1398, 871, and 712 cm −1 . 48,49 The FTIR−ATR spectra of the PCL/ESP composite scaffolds exhibited PCL-specific and pristine ESPs peaks, which means that neither the pellet preparation nor the 3D printing process affects the chemical structure or causes the formation of any additional functional groups.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Printed Eggshell Microparticle-Laden Thermoplastic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Gezek,

Altunbek,

Torres Gouveia

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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printing, an additive manufacturing technique, is increasingly used in the field of tissue engineering. The ability to create complex structures with high precision makes the 3D printing of this material a preferred method for constructing personalized and functional materials. However, the challenge lies in developing affordable and accessible materials with the desired physiochemical and biological properties. In this study, we used eggshell microparticles (ESPs), an example of bioceramic and unconventional biomaterials, to reinforce thermoplastic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds via extrusion-based 3D printing. The goal was to conceive a sustainable, affordable, and unique personalized medicine approach. The scaffolds were fabricated with varying concentrations of eggshells, ranging from 0 to 50% (w/w) in the PCL scaffolds. To assess the physicochemical properties, we employed scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Mechanical properties were evaluated through compression testing, and degradation kinetics were studied through accelerated degradation with the remaining mass ranging between 89.4 and 28.3%. In vitro, we evaluated the characteristics of the scaffolds using the MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts over a 14 day period. In vitro characterization involved the use of the Alamar blue assay, confocal imaging, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of 3D printed biocomposite scaffolds, consisting of thermoplastic PCL reinforced with ESPs, as a promising alternative for bone-graft applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Printed Eggshell Microparticle-Laden Thermoplastic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Gezek,

Altunbek,

Torres Gouveia

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…However, a uniform distribution of the reinforcement, in this case, h-BN, is very challenging. Das et al have studied the reinforcement distribution of the simulation and have shown the uniform distribution of reinforcement can be achieved through DIW . So, in this study SLM and DIW processes have been utilized to fabricate the Cu-hBN composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering the Interface of Cu-hBN Immiscible System Using 3D Printing To Enhance Mechanical and Thermal Properties

Das,

Katiyar,

Sarkar

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Eng. Mater.

Self Cite

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Various three-dimensional (3D) printing methods are being employed to optimize results in terms of rapid prototyping, cost-effectiveness, waste reduction, and properties of printed objects, among other factors. The use of composite materials in 3D printing significantly enhances mechanical, wear, and thermal properties. However, when dealing with thermodynamically immiscible composite systems, maintaining a homogeneous dispersion can be challenging. To address this challenge, two techniques have been utilized for the copper (Cu)-hexagonal boron nitride(hBN) immiscible system: one is laser melting-based, i.e., selective laser melting (SLM), and the other is ink-based printing, i.e., direct ink writing (DIW) with postprocessing sintering of the printed object to tailor the dispersion and interface between copper and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). To facilitate the DIW process, a customized Cu-hBN composite ink was meticulously prepared by optimizing its rheological properties. Similarly, a mechanical mixture of copper and hexagonal boron nitride pellets underwent laser melting to form solid objects. Optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques reveal the surface morphology and the good distribution of hexagonal boron nitride within the copper matrix in both cases. The mechanical properties of the composites were assessed through micro-Vickers hardness testing, compression tests, and tribological analysis. Compression fracture morphologies of both processing techniques were examined. Through the SLM process, pores can be eradicated, whereas in the DIW process, the pore size can be tailored through DIW parameters and subsequent sintering parameters. Both selective laser melting and direct ink writing processed Cu-hBN composites show improved electrical conductivity compared with pure copper. Direct ink writing processed 2 wt %hBN shows better thermal conductivity than other investigated composites. Among selective laser melting and direct ink writing composites, Cu-1 wt %hBN shows higher YS of 32 and 22 MPa, respectively.

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3D Printing of Ordered Mesoporous Silica Using Light‐Induced Sol‐Gel Chemistry

Gluns,

Zhao,

Spiehl

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Mesoporous ceramic materials used in applications such as catalysis, filtration, or sensing, are usually hierarchically structured. Thereby, their structural hierarchy is often inherently related to the manufacturing methods and cannot be independently locally designed along all length scales. This study combines light‐based additive manufacturing and bottom‐up light‐induced self‐assembly (LISA) sol‐gel chemistry to engineer hierarchically structured porous silica from the nanoscale to the macroscopic object geometry. A LISA‐based printing solution that enables printing of ordered mesoporous silica with geometrically complex shapes by using a commercially available digital light processing (DLP)‐based 3D printer is presented. This approach exploits the self‐assembly process of block copolymer mesopore templates, such as Pluronic P123, and hydrolysis and condensation of silica precursors upon irradiation in the 3D printer to shape mesoporous silica objects. Furthermore, different resins are added to the LISA solution to print 3D silica‐resin objects. Mesoporous silica objects up to 10 mm in size, consisting of ordered mesopores with diameters around 5 nm and having high specific surface areas of ≈400 m2 g−1 are successfully printed with a fast and easy post‐processing.

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3D printing of tough nature inspired hierarchical architecture using chicken bone and eggshell biowaste for biomedical applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

3D Printed Eggshell Microparticle-Laden Thermoplastic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

3D Printed Eggshell Microparticle-Laden Thermoplastic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Engineering the Interface of Cu-hBN Immiscible System Using 3D Printing To Enhance Mechanical and Thermal Properties

3D Printing of Ordered Mesoporous Silica Using Light‐Induced Sol‐Gel Chemistry

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