3D Printing of PLA/Magnetic Ferrite Composites: Effect of Filler Particles on Magnetic Properties of Filament

Abstract

Three-dimensional printing is one of the most promising areas of additive manufacturing with a constantly growing range of applications. One of the current tasks is the development of new functional materials that would allow the manufacture of objects with defined magnetic, electrical, and other properties. In this work, composite magnetic filaments for 3D printing with tunable magnetic properties were produced from polylactic acid thermoplastic polymer with the addition of magnetic ferrite particles of different size and chemical composition. The used magnetic particles were cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, a mixture of CoFe2O4 and zinc-substituted cobalt ferrite Zn0.3Co0.7Fe2O4 nanoparticles (~20 nm), and barium hexaferrite BaFe12O19 microparticles (<40 µm). The maximum coercivity field HC = 1.6 ± 0.1 kOe was found for the filament sample with the inclusion of 5 wt.% barium hexaferrite microparticles, and the minimum HC was for a filament with a mixture of cobalt and zinc–cobalt spinel ferrites. Capabilities of the FDM 3D printing method to produce parts having simple (ring) and complex geometric shapes (honeycomb structures) with the magnetic composite filament were demonstrated.

Composite magnetic 3D-printing filament fabrication protocol opens new perspectives in magnetic hyperthermia

“…The impact of the MNPs' existence in the filament on its final magnetic properties strongly affects the heating efficiency of the final magnetic scaffolds printed by the respective filament. Until now, magnetic filament fabrication protocols [36][37][38][39][40][53][54][55] have been referred to as the specific steps we take to construct the filament without considering final application feedback. In our work, we propose a protocol to produce magnetic filaments for magnetic hyperthermia use.…”

Production of Composite Zinc Oxide–Polylactic Acid Radiopaque Filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling: First Stage of a Feasibility Study

“…Polylactic acid (PLA) is a polyester with several promising properties: it has good mechanical [ 12 ] and chemical properties; it is biodegradable, biocompatible, and thermoplastic [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Thanks to these characteristics, it is used for various applications in the biomedical and technological fields [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. As they are biopolymers produced from natural resources, at the end of their lives, PLA products mostly end up in landfills or compost [ 23 ].…”

Digital light processing 3D printing of dynamic magneto-responsive thiol-acrylate composites

“…Results set up the stage for the additive manufacturing of composites with controlled magnetic anisotropy, as well as, for achieving a spatial distribution of nanofillers in a non-magnetic polymeric matrix. 29 One of the salient feature of DIW is that inks with high loads of magnetic fillers are applicable. 25 Moreover, previous research showed that both DIW and FFF can be used to produce fast responding actuators 30 as well as permanent magnets.…”