3D printing of glass fiber reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and investigation of tensile, flexural, warpage and roughness properties

Abstract

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing or additive manufacturing (AM) enables to fabricate, complex parts in low quantities without expensive molds or tools in short time. While several 3D printing methods are available, printing with the method of fused deposition modeling (FDM) is particularly widespread because of the simplicity and potential applicability. The applications of FDM to obtain strong components used in aerospace and automotive industries are widely being explored. This study investigates mechanical properties of 3D printed parts with composite filaments made by acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)/short glass fibers (SGFs). At first, composite filaments with varying GF contents 5, 10, and 15 wt% were manufactured. In addition, maleic anhydride grafted ABS (ABS‐g‐MA) as coupling agent, nozzle temperature and raster angle orientation were considered as other parameters. Results showed that with 15 wt% of GF, means of tensile and flexural strengths were increased 33% and 36%, respectively. Meanwhile, tensile and flexural moduli were improved 57% and 62%. Among the different raster angle, 0° had the best mechanical properties. Maximum ultimate tensile strength was obtained 61 MPa. Warpage and surface roughness were measured in this study. Generally, nozzle temperature and coupling agent did not have any significant effects on all the results in this study.

Dual material fused filament fabrication of composite core‐shell structures with improved impact resistance and interfacial adhesion

“…[31][32][33][34] MAH grafting has been used in FFF of recycled polymer blends to improve their compatibility, and in highly filled thermoplastics to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the filler and polymer matrix. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] This work investigates the effect of improved interfacial adhesion between the core and shell on the mechanical performance of FFF produced composite parts containing immiscible polymers. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was employed to confirm the grafting of MAH.…”

Effects of fabrication parameters on the mechanical properties of short basalt‐fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composites for fused deposition modeling‐based 3D printing

“…These thermoplastic polymer materials mainly include acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide (PA), and poly-ether-ether-ketone. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Most pure plastic products built from FDM can serve only as conceptual prototypes because they usually lack functionality and strength, thus limiting their use of FDM polymers. [2,3,22,23] To improve the mechanical performance of FDMprinted parts, a feasible method is to add reinforcements such as short or continuous fibers [3,6,21,24,25] and nanoparticles [8,26,27] into the thermoplastic matrix.…”

“…These thermoplastic polymer materials mainly include acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide (PA), and poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone. [ 14–21 ] Most pure plastic products built from FDM can serve only as conceptual prototypes because they usually lack functionality and strength, thus limiting their use of FDM polymers. [ 2,3,22,23 ]…”

“…[28][29][30] Several studies have developed short carbon, glass, and Kevlar fiber-reinforced thermoplastics for FDM fabrication. [3,20,28,31,32] FDM is a long-term manufacturing process for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites, and the development of green recyclable fibers and matrices for FDM fabrication is essential. [5,13,14,33] Thus, natural fibers such as flax, jute, basalt, and bamboo have received increasing attention for their eco-friendliness and sustainability.…”

Analysis of ducted fan warpage based on the response surface methodology and a genetic algorithm

“…Three‐dimensional (3D) printing or additive manufacturing (AM) enables the rapid fabrication of complex parts in small quantities without the need for expensive molds or tools. However, warpage is still unacceptable, especially in the case of mass production, [ 26 ] and thus, using molds is still important to make parts and reduce deformation. Despite ongoing innovation in injection molding technology and ducted fan structure theory, comprehensive research on optimizing the injection molding accuracy of GF/ABS ducted fans has not been conducted.…”