3D printing of a mechanically durable superhydrophobic porous membrane for oil–water separation

Lv, Juan; Gong, Zhengjun; He, Zhoukun; Yang, Jian; Chen, Yanqiu; Tang, Changyu; Liu, Yu; Fan, Meikun; Lau, Woon‐Ming

doi:10.1039/c7ta02202f

Cited by 208 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Accordingly, a 3D printed superhydrophobic membrane using hydrophobic nanosilica‐filled PDMS ink was fabricated for oil–water separation (Figure g). This membrane can tolerate up to 1000 stretching and bending cycles (Figure h) while maintaining superhydrophobicity . In addition, the previously mentioned NiO‐SiO 2 ‐UHMWPE coated polycarbonate (PC) film was subjected to 100 bending cycles with angles of ±90° and showed nearly unchanged WCAs .…”

Section: Robust Superwettable Membranes For Oil–water Separationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Therefore, in addition to the required antiabrasion ability, other mechanical properties of the coating and bulk membrane materials, such as tensile strength, flexibility, elongation, and toughness, are of very importance for stable oil–water separation. These can be examined by the previously mentioned stress–strain, stretching/deformation, bending, tape peeling, scratching, ultrasonication, and laundering tests …”

Section: Robust Superwettable Membranes For Oil–water Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…h) Photographs of the mesh with the superhydrophobic coating before and after bending, bendable 3D printed membrane, and the stretchable 3D printed membrane, respectively. (g,h) Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, the Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

Section: Robust Superwettable Membranes For Oil–water Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Robust Superwettable Membranes for Oil–Water Separation

Lin

Hong

2019

Adv Materials Inter

115

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Over the past decade, much progress has been made in the application of multifunctional membranes with special wettability for the separation of oil–water mixtures. This progress has been driven by frequent oil spill accidents and oily wastewater, which are enormous threats to the vulnerable aquatic environment. The design of permeable superwettable membranes for oil–water separation has been inspired by the development of highly wetting/nonwetting interfaces, but these membranes are susceptible to factors such as mechanical forces, chemical corrosion, biological fouling, and other environmental influences. Considering the complex and harsh environments that superwettable membranes must endure during the separation process, membrane durability against the loss of superwettability is critical in prolonging the life of an oil–water filtration system. Although significant advances in superwettable membranes have been made, the robustness issue remains challenging and has become a focus of many investigations. Covering nearly all publications concerning “robust, durable, usable, resistant, tolerant, or antifouling oil–water separation” published in the last five years, this work is intended as an introduction for new researchers wishing to create durable superwettable membranes for oil–water separation, as well as providing perspectives and guidance for future research in several logical directions.

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Section: Robust Superwettable Membranes For Oil–water Separationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Robust Superwettable Membranes For Oil–water Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Robust Superwettable Membranes for Oil–Water Separation

Lin

Hong

2019

Adv Materials Inter

115

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“…[ 11,12 ] Recently, three‐dimensional (3D) printing of PDMS is attracting extensive attention due to the capability of achieving structures with high complexity by combining 3D printing's merits of freeform design and fabrication and rapid prototyping. [ 13–16 ] Concerns toward 3D printing, on the basis of solidification mechanisms, [ 17,18 ] require the precursors exhibit the properties either the light responsiveness for curing with the printing techniques of digital light process (DLP) and stereolithography apparatus (SLA), or the moderate rheology (namely, the moderate elastic modulus) for extrusion with the techniques of inkjet printing and direct ink writing (DIW). Unfortunately, most of the common PDMS precursors have neither light responsive (no unsaturated bonds or groups for curing or cross‐linking) nor moderate viscosity (too low viscosity to support the deposited filaments).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an outstanding leveling property means its impossible printability with the DIW. [ 15 ] When 5 and 10 wt% M‐PDMS was added, the diameter of both initial and cured filaments decreased, which is still 5–8 fold of the nozzle diameter, indicating their leveling property still keeps good. While once the M‐PDMS content exceeds 10 wt%, the swelling strain was decreased to 12.3% and 3.2% with 15 and 20 wt% M‐PDMS, respectively (Figure 2b and Figure S3, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Photo and Thermal Two‐Stage Curing for High‐Performance 3D Printing of Poly(Dimethylsiloxane)

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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moderate elastic modulus) for extrusion with the techniques of inkjet printing and direct ink writing (DIW). Unfortunately, most of the common PDMS precursors have neither light responsive (no unsaturated bonds or groups for curing or cross-linking) nor moderate viscosity (too low viscosity to support the deposited filaments). Recent advances have been exploited to solve these issues to achieve PDMS 3D printing. For example, Feinberg et al. demonstrated the 3D printing hydrophobic Sylgard-184 prepolymer resins within a hydrophilic Carbopol gel support via freeform reversible embedding. [19] Bhattacharjee and co-workers realized desktop-stereolithography 3D printing of PDMS based on commercially available methacrylated PDMS. [20] Very recently, Qin et al. developed a methacrylated PDMS that can realize the ultrafast and continuous fabrication of the PDMS membrane by UV induced polymerization. [21] Despite of the 3D objects obtained in the previous efforts, there are still some blemishes including the difficulty to build complicated 3D architectures and the requirement of fussy procedures for manually removing supporting bath. [22] Also, most of them are not compatible to the commercially available PDMSs, and moreover these tailor-made PDMSs for 3D printing usually exhibited quite poor mechanical performances with the tensile strength of less than ≈0.7 MPa, which is one order decrease, [6,20] and the elastic modulus of less than 0.9 MPa. [19] Therefore, there are still challenges to achieve 3D printing of PDMS and devices, especially with a universal approach and based on commercial materials.To address, we propose a photo/thermal two-stage curing strategy under the premise of excellent rheological behaviors, i.e., 3D printing with ultraviolet-assisted direct ink writing (UV-DIW) followed by thermal cross-linking, based on a commercial material of Sylgard-184. Typically, a commercial methacrylated prepolymer ((Methacryloxypropyl)methylsiloxane-dimethylsiloxane copolymer, M-PDMS, Scheme 1) was mixed with the base and curing agent of Sylgard-184 resulting in a photosensitive PDMS (pPDMS). Due to the UV curing capability, the pPDMS exhibits excellent 3D printability because of the adjustment of the viscosity and elastic modulus during the extruded process with the UV-DIW technology. [23,24] The filament diameter of ≈100 µm and the layer thickness of ≈80 µm can be achieved, and also architectures with high complexity including hollow cylinders, lattices, cellular structures, and Three-dimensional (3D) printing of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is realized with a two-state curing strategy, i.e., photocuring for additively manufacturing high-precision architectures followed by thermal cross-linking for high-performance objects, taking Sylgard-184 as an example. In the mixture of base and curing agent of Sylgard-184, the photocuring ingredient methacrylated PDMS is incorporated to form hybrid inks with not only highefficiency UV curing ability but also moderate rheological properties for 3D printing. The inks are then used...

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Polymeric Materials for Additive Manufacturing

Weyhrich

Scott

Williams

et al. 2022

Macromolecular Engineering

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Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a promising technology to produce complex shapes with little waste material in a distributed fashion. AM can be implemented with various materials, but metal and polymer are dominant feedstocks. During the deposition process for polymeric AM, the polymer may encounter repetitive softening or melting, applied shear flow including multiple constrictions, cooling and solidification, solvent evaporation, polymerization and crosslinking, or coalescence across interfaces. This leads to the need to invoke polymer science principles to rationally predict the response of the polymeric feedstock to the shear fields, thermal gradients, and reaction fronts that they will encounter in the complex 3D printing process. Elucidating the fate of the macromolecules as they experience the 3D printing process provides a foundation to design new materials that are formulated to bias the formation of robust structures and interfaces. As such, polymers in AM offer a unique opportunity to apply polymer science principles to address shortcomings, offer potential solutions, and advance the technology. This article provides a focused discussion of how polymer science principles drive the growth of three common polymeric AM techniques, fused filament fabrication, direct‐ink write, and vat polymerization.

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3D printing of a mechanically durable superhydrophobic porous membrane for oil–water separation

Abstract: Through structure design, 3D printing enables the fabrication of mechanically durable superhydrophobic membranes with an ordered porous structure for oil–water separation.

Cited by 208 publications

References 41 publications

Recent Advances in Robust Superwettable Membranes for Oil–Water Separation

Recent Advances in Robust Superwettable Membranes for Oil–Water Separation

Facile Photo and Thermal Two‐Stage Curing for High‐Performance 3D Printing of Poly(Dimethylsiloxane)

Polymeric Materials for Additive Manufacturing

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