Abstract:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that is SARS-CoV-2, previously called 2019-nCoV, is a kind of human infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Based on the prompt increase of human infection rate, COVID-19 outbreak was distinguished as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). By 2020, COVID-19 becomes a major health problem all around the world. Due to the battle against COVID-19, there are some adversities that are encountered with. The most significant difficult… Show more
“…3D printed face masks, PPE kits, face shields, auxiliary accessories, door openers, and pushbuttons have been designed and offer great opportunities. However, there are several challenges in 3D printing that have to be answered through future research and technology [ 43 , 44 ]. Coronavirus infection can be divided into three stages: asymptomatic incubation period and severe and non-severe symptomatic period.…”
Section: State-of-the-art Of Nanomaterials As Anti-sars-cov-2mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When the defense system of the patient is unable to fight infection, disruption of the tissues occurs, affecting the kidney and intestine and causing inflammation in lungs. 3D printing technology could be used for the production of simple, inexpensive, and structured drug delivery systems using poly (acrylic acid), cellulose acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prevent infection [ 43 ]. Nanomedicines are the future approach in the cure of infectious diseases.…”
Section: State-of-the-art Of Nanomaterials As Anti-sars-cov-2mentioning
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global health problem that the WHO declared a pandemic. COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide lockdown and threatened to topple the global economy. The mortality of COVID-19 is comparatively low compared with previous SARS outbreaks, but the rate of spread of the disease and its morbidity is alarming. This virus can be transmitted human-to-human through droplets and close contact, and people of all ages are susceptible to this virus. With the advancements in nanotechnology, their remarkable properties, including their ability to amplify signal, can be used for the development of nanobiosensors and nanoimaging techniques that can be used for early-stage detection along with other diagnostic tools. Nano-based protection equipment and disinfecting agents can provide much-needed protection against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, nanoparticles can serve as a carrier for antigens or as an adjuvant, thereby making way for the development of a new generation of vaccines. The present review elaborates the role of nanotechnology-based tactics used for the detection, diagnosis, protection, and treatment of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
“…3D printed face masks, PPE kits, face shields, auxiliary accessories, door openers, and pushbuttons have been designed and offer great opportunities. However, there are several challenges in 3D printing that have to be answered through future research and technology [ 43 , 44 ]. Coronavirus infection can be divided into three stages: asymptomatic incubation period and severe and non-severe symptomatic period.…”
Section: State-of-the-art Of Nanomaterials As Anti-sars-cov-2mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When the defense system of the patient is unable to fight infection, disruption of the tissues occurs, affecting the kidney and intestine and causing inflammation in lungs. 3D printing technology could be used for the production of simple, inexpensive, and structured drug delivery systems using poly (acrylic acid), cellulose acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prevent infection [ 43 ]. Nanomedicines are the future approach in the cure of infectious diseases.…”
Section: State-of-the-art Of Nanomaterials As Anti-sars-cov-2mentioning
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global health problem that the WHO declared a pandemic. COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide lockdown and threatened to topple the global economy. The mortality of COVID-19 is comparatively low compared with previous SARS outbreaks, but the rate of spread of the disease and its morbidity is alarming. This virus can be transmitted human-to-human through droplets and close contact, and people of all ages are susceptible to this virus. With the advancements in nanotechnology, their remarkable properties, including their ability to amplify signal, can be used for the development of nanobiosensors and nanoimaging techniques that can be used for early-stage detection along with other diagnostic tools. Nano-based protection equipment and disinfecting agents can provide much-needed protection against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, nanoparticles can serve as a carrier for antigens or as an adjuvant, thereby making way for the development of a new generation of vaccines. The present review elaborates the role of nanotechnology-based tactics used for the detection, diagnosis, protection, and treatment of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
“…4 ). Moreover, CT images helped radiologists to visualize the effects of COVID-19 by means of 3D printing technology [ 66 ]. Figure 3 COVID-19 positive cases admitted at the Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman; (A) A 57 year-old female admitted with COVID-19, admission day 24 with no wearable respiratory monitoring system.…”
Section: Utilization Of Ai To Assess Covid-19 Imagesmentioning
Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods have significant potential for diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 infections. Rapid identification of COVID-19 and its severity in individual patients is expected to enable better control of the disease individually and at-large. There has been remarkable interest by the scientific community in using imaging biomarkers to improve detection and management of COVID-19. Exploratory tools such as AI-based models may help explain the complex biological mechanisms and provide better understanding of the underlying pathophysiological processes. The present review focuses on AI-based COVID-19 studies as applies to chest x-ray (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging modalities, and the associated challenges. Explicit radiomics, deep learning methods, and hybrid methods that combine both deep learning and explicit radiomics have the potential to enhance the ability and usefulness of radiological images to assist clinicians in the current COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of this review are: first, to outline COVID-19 AI-analysis workflows, including acquisition of data, feature selection, segmentation methods, feature extraction, and multi-variate model development and validation as appropriate for AI-based COVID-19 studies. Secondly, existing limitations of AI-based COVID-19 analyses are discussed, highlighting potential improvements that can be made. Finally, the impact of AI and radiomics methods and the associated clinical outcomes are summarized. In this review, pipelines that include the key steps for AI-based COVID-19 signatures identification are elaborated. Sample size, non-standard imaging protocols, segmentation, availability of public COVID-19 databases, combination of imaging and clinical information and full clinical validation remain major limitations and challenges. We conclude that AI-based assessment of CXR and CT images has significant potential as a viable pathway for the diagnosis, follow-up and prognosis of COVID-19.
“…Research has shown some positive results regarding H2O2 sterilization (Oth et al, 2019), which may cause slight mass or dimensional changes and deformations, depending on the material (not significant in PLA or PCL, for instance), but not affect the usage if and only if they are anticipated by designers (Sosnowski & Morrison, 2017). However, some authors are still reticent to recommend this technology for ventilator manufacturing given the safety concerns (Aydin et al, 2021;S. Singh et al, 2020;S.…”
Sustainable medical device design in the context of a health emergency is an unexplored area of research. The urgency to save lives implies that eco-design strategies may not be considered. However, some of these strategies could lead to cost and manufacturing time reduction, implying that more units could be produced, and more patients reached. This paper aims to provide feasible eco-design strategies that could be shared with the stakeholders involved in the product design and manufacturing of emergency ventilators for Covid-19. The objective is to help tackle the Covid-19 crisis in a more sustainable way, and increase the access to healthcare of people requiring assisted ventilation during the health emergency.Adopting a Whole Systems Design perspective (Blizzard & Klotz, 2012), this research has applied the Holistic Design Framework (Aranda-Jan et al., 2016) and the Eco-design Strategy Wheel (Brezet & Hemel, 1997) to elaborate preliminary strategies aligned with the emergency design objectives. Different design for sustainability tools, approaches and principles have been used to discuss, analyse and provide a final set of recommended strategies. These can be grouped in four categories: design for assembly, extension of product lifetime, usage of materials, and lean manufacturing. Despite further efforts are needed to overcome implementation challenges identified during the definition of strategies, it is expected that the above recommendations can be put in practice in a short-term to bring benefits in terms of better environmental impact, lower costs and total manufacturing time.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
