3D printing in medicine: current applications and future directions

Sun, Zhonghua

doi:10.21037/qims.2018.12.06

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…One of the most recent areas impacted by biofouling is 3D-printed materials. 3D printed materials have become common in medical settings, especially in the area of prosthetic limbs (Poologasundarampillai and Nommeots-Nomm, 2017;Paul et al, 2018;Sun, 2018). Such 3Dprinted prosthetics have not yet been studied for their ability to reduce biofilm attachments nor their overall antimicrobial properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Biofilm Growth on 3D-Printed Materials

Hall

Palmer

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Recent advances in 3D printing have led to a rise in the use of 3D printed materials in prosthetics and external medical devices. These devices, while inexpensive, have not been adequately studied for their ability to resist biofouling and biofilm buildup. Bacterial biofilms are a major cause of biofouling in the medical field and, therefore, hospital-acquired, and medical device infections. These surface-attached bacteria are highly recalcitrant to conventional antimicrobial agents and result in chronic infections. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and medical officials have considered 3D printed medical devices as alternatives to conventional devices, due to manufacturing shortages. This abundant use of 3D printed devices in the medical fields warrants studies to assess the ability of different microorganisms to attach and colonize to such surfaces. In this study, we describe methods to determine bacterial biofouling and biofilm formation on 3D printed materials. We explored the biofilm-forming ability of multiple opportunistic pathogens commonly found on the human body including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus to colonize eight commonly used polylactic acid (PLA) polymers. Biofilm quantification, surface topography, digital optical microscopy, and 3D projections were employed to better understand the bacterial attachment to 3D printed surfaces. We found that biofilm formation depends on surface structure, hydrophobicity, and that there was a wide range of antimicrobial properties among the tested polymers. We compared our tested materials with commercially available antimicrobial PLA polymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Biofilm Growth on 3D-Printed Materials

Hall

Palmer

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…At present, the diagnosis of CHD is mainly based on two-dimensional (2D) images, using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or echocardiography imaging; however, it is difficult to present the complex structure of CHD on traditional 2D or three-dimensional (3D) visualisation due to the wide variability of the pathologies [ 4 ]. This limitation of the method is overcome with 3D-printing technology, which has increasing applications in the medical field [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Assessment of 3D Printed Model Accuracy in Delineating Congenital Heart Disease

2021

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Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is promising in medical applications, especially presurgical planning and the simulation of congenital heart disease (CHD). Thus, it is clinically important to generate highly accurate 3D-printed models in replicating cardiac anatomy and defects. The present study aimed to investigate the accuracy of the 3D-printed CHD model by comparing them with computed tomography (CT) images and standard tessellation language (STL) files. Methods: Three models were printed, comprising different CHD pathologies, including the tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), ventricular septal defect (VSD) and double-outlet right-ventricle (DORV). The ten anatomical locations were measured in each comparison. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Bland–Altman analysis and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) determined the model accuracy. Results: All measurements with three printed models showed a strong correlation (r = 0.99) and excellent reliability (ICC = 0.97) when compared to original CT images, CT images of the 3D-printed models, STL files and 3D-printed CHD models. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the high accuracy of 3D-printed heart models with excellent correlation and reliability when compared to multiple source data. Further investigation into 3D printing in CHD should focus on the clinical value and the benefits to patients.

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“…Further research in this field with a larger sample size and more information on the segmentation and post-processing step is required to generate a more robust analysis of the feasibility of 3D-printed kidney models for implementation into medical education and treatment of renal disease. More robust studies such as randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are still lacking in this area when compared to 3D printing in heart disease, with several RCTs available in the literature [34,35,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Clinical Value and Applications of Three-Dimensional Printing in Renal Surgery

Lupulescu

Sun

2019

JCM

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The purpose of this systematic review is to collate and analyse the current literature which examines clinical applications of 3D printing for renal disease, alongside cost and time duration factors associated with the printing process. A comprehensive search of the literature was performed across five different databases to identify studies that qualitatively and quantitatively assessed the value of 3D-printed kidney models for renal disease. Twenty-seven studies met the selection criteria for inclusion in the review. Twenty-five were original studies, and two were case reports. Of the 22 studies reporting a qualitative evaluation, the analysis of findings demonstrated the value of the 3D-printed models in areas of clinician and patient education, and pre-surgical simulation for complex cases of renal disease. Of five studies performing a quantitative analysis, the analysis of results displayed a high level of spatial and anatomical accuracy amongst models, with benefits including reducing estimated blood loss and risk of intra-operative complications. Fourteen studies evaluated manufacturing costs and time duration, with costs ranging from USD 1 to 1000 per model, and time duration ranging from 15 min to 9 days. This review shows that the use of customised 3D-printed models is valuable in the education of junior surgeons as well as the enhancement of operative skills for senior surgeons due to a superior visualisation of anatomical networks and pathologic morphology compared to volumetric imaging alone. Furthermore, 3D-printed kidney models may facilitate interdisciplinary communication and decision-making regarding the management of patients undergoing operative treatment for renal disease. It cannot be suggested that a more expensive material constitutes a higher level of user-satisfaction and model accuracy. However, higher costs in the manufacturing of the 3D-printed models reported, on average, a slightly shorter time duration for the 3D-printing process and total manufacturing time.

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3D printing in medicine: current applications and future directions

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Bacterial Biofilm Growth on 3D-Printed Materials

Bacterial Biofilm Growth on 3D-Printed Materials

Quantitative Assessment of 3D Printed Model Accuracy in Delineating Congenital Heart Disease

A Systematic Review of the Clinical Value and Applications of Three-Dimensional Printing in Renal Surgery

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