3D printing for bone regeneration: challenges and opportunities for achieving predictability

Abstract

Abstract3D printing offers attractive opportunities for large‐volume bone regeneration in the oro‐dental and craniofacial regions. This is enabled by the development of CAD‐CAM technologies that support the design and manufacturing of anatomically accurate meshes and scaffolds. This review describes the main 3D‐printing technologies utilized for the fabrication of these patient‐matched devices, and reports on their pre‐clinical and clinical performance including the occurrence of complications for vertical bone augmentation and craniofacial applications. Furthermore, the regulatory pathway for approval of these devices is discussed, highlighting the main hurdles and obstacles. Finally, the review elaborates on a variety of strategies for increasing bone regeneration capacity and explores the future of 4D bioprinting and biodegradable metal 3D printing.

Breakthroughs in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

“…Another field of oral and maxillofacial surgery in which researchers have developed new procedures and analyzed biological phenomena is prosthetic implant surgery [25]. Although great emphasis has been placed on guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures over the years, they are still often unpredictable and difficult to perform [26]. For this reason, clinicians and researchers have developed implant designs in consultation with engineers to exploit as much residual native bone as possible [27,28].…”

A Review of the Preparation of Porous Fibers and Porous Parts by a Novel Micro-Extrusion Foaming Technique

“…Over the past three decades, 3D printing, also recognized as Additive Manufacturing (AM), has made substantial advancements and is currently deployed across diverse fields [ 66 , 67 ]. For the manufacturing of structurally complex components, AM provides an economical production solution instead of traditional processes [ 68 , 69 ].…”