3D printing and its applications in Orthopedics

Vaish, Abhishek; Vaish, Riya

doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2018.02.003

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The application of these technologies may lead to a significant improvement in the orthotic manufacturing process as production times are lower, morphology acquisition is faster and more pleasant for the patient, as plaster moulds are suppressed and manufacturing errors are minimized. Considerable effort has been applied in the application of AMT to the medical industry and specifically in the design and manufacturing of orthoses and prostheses for rehabilitation purposes [89], to mitigate the effects of aging [95], in the design of active wearable exoskeletons [96], and also to bring this technology closer to the general public [19,97].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The choice of material when designing an orthotic device is vital to its success. Physical properties of the orthotic materials include their elasticity, hardness, density, response to temperature, durability, flexibility, compressibility, and resilience [89]. It should be mentioned that each physical property cannot be used alone as a single factor for assessing materials for orthotic devices.…”

Section: Materials Selection For Orthotic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A hard material as well as an incorrect aspect in the design may result in an uncomfortable device or a biomechanically detrimental orthotic device. Thermoplastics, composites, and foams are the main materials used to manufacture orthotic devices through AMT [89].…”

Section: Materials Selection For Orthotic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

et al. 2020

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In this work, the recent advances for rapid prototyping in the orthoprosthetic industry are presented. Specifically, the manufacturing process of orthoprosthetic aids are analysed, as thier use is widely extended in orthopedic surgery. These devices are devoted to either correct posture or movement (orthosis) or to substitute a body segment (prosthesis) while maintaining functionality. The manufacturing process is traditionally mainly hand-crafted: The subject’s morphology is taken by means of plaster molds, and the manufacture is performed individually, by adjusting the prototype over the subject. This industry has incorporated computer aided design (CAD), computed aided engineering (CAE) and computed aided manufacturing (CAM) tools; however, the true revolution is the result of the application of rapid prototyping technologies (RPT). Techniques such as fused deposition modelling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), laminated object manufacturing (LOM), and 3D printing (3DP) are some examples of the available methodologies in the manufacturing industry that, step by step, are being included in the rehabilitation engineering market—an engineering field with growth and prospects in the coming years. In this work we analyse different methodologies for additive manufacturing along with the principal methods for collecting 3D body shapes and their application in the manufacturing of functional devices for rehabilitation purposes such as splints, ankle-foot orthoses, or arm prostheses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Selection For Orthotic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

et al. 2020

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“…Hence accurate reconstruction of lower extremity alignment and femoral component rotation is crucial to patients' postoperative functional recovery and satisfaction. Three‐dimensional printing (3DP) technology has been widely used in the field of orthopaedics in recent years.This technique is mainly applied to preoperative morphological design and tissue repair, such as the reconstruction of large bone defects. The use of 3D‐printed products in the field of orthopaedics has further enriched ways and means to solve complex problems in surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of a Novel 3D‐Printed Patient‐Specific Intramedullary Guide to Control Femoral Component Rotation in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Sun

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2020

Orthopaedic Surgery

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Objective: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most universal and effective means for treating terminal stage osteoarthritis (OA) of knee. Accurate intramedullary guide of femur is the basis for the distal femoral cuts. Determining the surgical transepicondylar axis (sTEA) is the key to reconstruction of the femoral rotational alignment, because the correct rotational alignment can place the femoral component in the right position, balance the flexion gap so that the inner and outer tension is equal, get stability during the flexion process of the knee, and enhance the quality of life of patients. With the development of three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology in the medical domain, the application of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) in arthroplasty has become more common. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a novel 3D-printed patient-specific intramedullary guide to control femoral component rotation in TKA.Methods: Eighty patients (65 females and 15 males) with knee OA were included in this prospective randomized study. The patients were divided into two groups by random number table method, 40 in each group. TKA assisted by PSI (PSI group) and conventional TKA (conventional group) was performed respectively. Clinical outcomes [operation time, postoperative drainage volume, duration of drainage, Hospital for Special Surgery knee score (HSS), American Knee Society knee score (AKS)] and radiological outcomes [hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), posterior condylar angle (PCA), patella transverse axis-femoral transepicondylar axis angle (PFA), depth of intramedullary guide] were compared between and within the two groups.Results: PSI group had less postoperative drainage volume but longer operation time than the conventional group (P < 0.05). The AKS and HSS scores after surgery were improved compared with those before surgery in each group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the duration of drainage and range of motion (ROM) after surgery between the two groups. For the radiological results, the HKA and PFA were improved after surgery in both groups (P < 0.05).The postoperative PFA and PCA of the PSI group were closer to 0 , which was better than that of the conventional group (P < 0.05). The depth of intramedullary guide in the PSI group was less than the conventional group (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference in HKA before and after surgery between the two groups as well as the preoperative PFA. Conclusion:The short-term clinical efficacy of TKA assisted by PSI was similar to the conventional TKA. Although TKA assisted by PSI spent more time during operation, it could assist in intramedullary guide and align femoral rotation more accurately.

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“…The latter can be tackled by the use of 3D printing technology, which offers advantages such as rapid manufacturing, high resolution, product customization in non conventional designs as well as optimum material usage and reduction of costly manufacturing [19,20]. 3D printing technology has been explored and used in different fields such as medicine [21], aerospace [22], robotics [23] and in the food industry [24]. This paper presents a combination of experimental and computational research into the influence of design parameters on the performance of 3D printed small hydrocyclones, which provides a method for the optimization of small hydrocyclone design using 3D printing as a rapid manufacturing tool and CFD simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimising small hydrocyclone design using 3D printing and CFD simulations

Vega-Garcia

Brito-Parada

Cilliers

2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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• CFD and 3D printing used for rapid manufacturing of small hydrocyclones.• Experimental and computational studies combined to assess hydrocyclone design.• Novel design with parabolic walls shown to significantly improve separation.• A methodology is presented to optimize hydrocyclone performance through design. A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords:Small hydrocyclone Yeast Simulation 3D printing Dewatering A B S T R A C T The use of small hydrocyclones for the separation of particles in the micron range is of growing interest. However, these hydrocyclones are typically limited to conventional shapes or restricted to specific outlet sizes, which can lead to sub-optimal performance. The aim of this study is to present a method for the optimisation of small hydrocyclone design. This method consists of four steps that combine designing, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, 3D printing and experimental testing. A 3D printed 10 mm hydrocyclone was shown first to match the performance of a ceramic equivalent, followed by factorial experiments with a set of printed hydrocyclones of different spigot and vortex finder diameters. A CFD model for small hydrocyclones was implemented and, following validation with the experimental data, used to simulate small hydrocyclone designs with parabolic walls. The model predicted improved separation performance compared to the conventional conic wall designs. In a novel development, a 10 mm hydrocyclone with parabolic walls was 3D printed and the prediction confirmed experimentally. The solids recovery and concentration ratio were increased by 10 percentage points and 0.2, respectively, for a 0.5 g/L yeast suspension and at an equivalent pressure drop. The use of 3D printing to manufacture small hydrocyclones of various designs has been proven in this study to be practical and to allow rapid prototyping design informed by CFD simulations. This is a significant improvement in the cost, time and versatility associated to hydrocyclone design and can lead to enhanced separation performance.

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3D printing and its applications in Orthopedics

Cited by 52 publications

References 3 publications

Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

Advances in Orthotic and Prosthetic Manufacturing: A Technology Review

Accuracy of a Novel 3D‐Printed Patient‐Specific Intramedullary Guide to Control Femoral Component Rotation in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Optimising small hydrocyclone design using 3D printing and CFD simulations

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