3D-printing a cost-effective model for mastoidectomy training

Abstract

Background 3D-printed temporal bone models can potentially provide a cost-effective alternative to cadaver surgery that can be manufactured locally at the training department. The objective of this study was to create a cost-effective 3D-printed model suitable for mastoidectomy training using entry level and commercially available print technologies, enabling individuals, without prior experience on 3D-printing, to manufacture their own models for basic temporal bone training. Methods Expert technical professionals and an experienced otosurgeon identified the best material for replicating the temporal bone and created a cost-effective printing routine for the model using entry-level print technologies. Eleven participants at a temporal bone dissection course evaluated the model using a questionnaire. Results The 3D-printed temporal bone model was printed using a material extrusion 3D-printer with a heat resistant filament, reducing melting during drilling. After printing, a few simple post-processing steps were designed to replicate the dura, sigmoid sinus and facial nerve. Modifying the 3D-printer by installing a direct-drive and ruby nozzle resulted in more successful prints and less need for maintenance. Upon evaluation by otorhinolaryngology trainees, unanimous feedback was that the model provided a good introduction to the mastoidectomy procedure, and supplementing practice to cadaveric temporal bones. Conclusion In-house production of a cost-effective 3D-printed model for temporal bone training is feasible and enables training institutions to manufacture their own models. Further, this work demonstrates the feasibility of creating new temporal bone models with anatomical variation to provide ample training opportunity.

3-D-Printed Models for Temporal Bone Training: A Validity Study

“…Material costs of the CTB are approximately US $5 per model, and the model can be manufactured at local training departments (21). The printable file (STL format) is available for download for free (https://www.rigshospitalet.dk/temporal-bone-imaging-and-simulation-research-group).…”

Exploring the transformative role of 3D printing in advancing medical education in Africa: a review

“…These models, created using entry-level 3D printing technology and a heat-resistant filament, proved to be valuable introductions to mastoidectomy and supplements to cadaveric temporal bones. The study highlights the potential for institutions to create cost-effective temporal bone models with various anatomical variations, enhancing training opportunities 24 .…”

3D nyomtatott modellek szerepe műtéti tervezés során - irodalmi áttekintés és kezdeti tapasztalataink

“…Nem utolsó sorban pedig M. C. Girotto és mtsai által [24] leközölt tanulmány összegzéseként elmondható, hogy a 3D nyomtatott modellek alkalmazása műtéti tervezés során nemcsak tapasztalt, operáló orvosoknak lehet hasznára a napi betegellátás során, hanem kiemelten hatékony eszköz az oktatás, szakorvos képzés területén. Erre a következtetésre jutott A. Frithioff és munkacsoportja azzal a kiegészítéssel, hogy 3D modellekkel a cadaveren végzett gyakorló beavatkozások egy része is elkerülhető, [25]. Erre vonatkozó kontrollált kohort tanulmány készült is, fogorvosi szakképzésben részvevő hallgatók bevonásával, ahol szintén eredményesnek találták a 3D nyomtatott modelleket [26].…”