3D‐Printed Regenerative Magnesium Phosphate Implant Ensures Stability and Restoration of Hip Dysplasia

Abstract

Osteoarthritis of the hip is a painful and debilitating condition commonly occurring in humans and dogs. One of the main causes that leads to hip osteoarthritis is hip dysplasia. Although the current surgical methods to correct dysplasia work satisfactorily in many circumstances, these are associated with serious complications, tissue resorption, and degeneration. In this study, a one‐step fabrication of a regenerative hip implant with a patient‐specific design and load‐bearing properties is reported. The regenerative hip implant is fabricated based on patient imaging files and by an extrusion assisted 3D printing process using a flexible, bone‐inducing biomaterial. The novel implant can be fixed with metallic screws to host bone and can be loaded up to physiological loads without signs of critical permanent deformation or failure. Moreover, after exposing the hip implant to accelerated in vitro degradation, it is confirmed that it is still able to support physiological loads even after losing ≈40% of its initial mass. In addition, the osteopromotive properties of the novel hip implant is demonstrated as shown by an increased expression of osteonectin and osteocalcin by cultured human mesenchymal stem cells after 21 days. Overall, the proposed hip implant provides an innovative regenerative and mechanically stable solution for hip dysplasia treatment.

Composite Graded Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds for Regeneration of the Periodontal Ligament-to-Bone Interface

“…The osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was measured using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at day 7 and day 14 of in vitro culture, following a protocol described elsewhere . Briefly, the ALP activity was measured using a conversion of the p -nitrophenyl phosphate liquid substrate system (pNPP, Sigma-Aldrich.…”

“…The fiber organization can promote ligamentogenesis and drive PDL-like tissue formation, while the chemical composition with osteoconductive properties can promote bone regeneration. Among the osteoconductive materials, magnesium phosphate (MgP) bioceramics have shown great ability to promote bone and degrade in vivo . , Thus, we hypothesize that an osteoconductive scaffold with a graded blend of MgP bioceramics and polycaprolactone (PCL) with a tissue-specific, stable interfacial zone and structural properties can facilitate long-term bone-to-ligament interface regeneration. Furthermore, the one-step fabrication strategy to develop compositionally and structurally tailored graded scaffolds using MEW can achieve this challenging requirement.…”

Comparing Hip Dysplasia in Dogs and Humans: A Review

“…Despite that the shelf procedure was successful in humans, BOP in dogs never became a common procedure because of uncontrolled bone growth ( 75 , 76 ). New procedures involving 3D-printed titanium shelfs ( 89 ) or 3D-printed biodegradable magnesium phosphate shelfs ( 90 ) are still being developed in dogs and when successful these procedures hopefully find their way back to the human clinic.…”

Patient-specific 3D-printed shelf implant for the treatment of hip dysplasia tested in an experimental animal pilot in canines

“…PAO is an invasive surgery with an extensive learning curve and is associated with a high rate of complications 8 . Therefore, the concept of shelf arthroplasty 9 could be revisited by using titanium additive manufacturing technologies 10 to develop 3D-printed joint preserving implant in a personalized approach 11 , 12 .…”