3D-printed PCL/bioglass (BGS-7) composite scaffolds with high toughness and cell-responses for bone tissue regeneration

Kim, YongBok; Lim, Jun; Yang, Gi Hoon; Seo, Jun-Hyuk; Ryu, Ho-Suk; Kim, GeunHyung

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2019.06.027

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Formulations containing a higher percentage of BG-Mg than 50% were not considered because of the deriving limitations in the procedures both for the fabrication of a homogeneously dispersed bulk composite material and its processing through the extrusion technology, given the increased material viscosity and risk of clogging phenomena. Moreover, previous literature evidence [ 34 ] suggests that higher loading percentages (60% or higher) can lead to a decrease in the scaffold’s mechanical properties (i.e., toughness) because of the brittle behaviour of pure BG. On the other side, concentrations of BG particles that are not too low are to be preferred in order to improve the biological performance of the scaffold and to promote osteogenesis compared to composites with a small BG content (20% or less) [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, previous literature evidence [ 34 ] suggests that higher loading percentages (60% or higher) can lead to a decrease in the scaffold’s mechanical properties (i.e., toughness) because of the brittle behaviour of pure BG. On the other side, concentrations of BG particles that are not too low are to be preferred in order to improve the biological performance of the scaffold and to promote osteogenesis compared to composites with a small BG content (20% or less) [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in the amount of bioactive glass powder, which is considered a stiff and brittle material, within the polymer phase (ductile) causes a strong stiffening of the fibre without changing its plasticity. In this regard, two possible phenomena could be hypothesized: (i) the brittleness of the BG did not contribute to the increase in hardness between the two formulations [ 34 ] and (ii) the poor miscibility between the hydrophobic polymer and hydrophilic glass could generate an interfacial debonding [ 35 ]. Considering the fibre’s mechanical properties, the elastic modulus affects both the nano/micro- and the macro-scale behaviour of the scaffold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Petretta

Gambardella

Boi

et al. 2021

Biology

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Polycaprolactone (PCL) is widely used in additive manufacturing for the construction of scaffolds for tissue engineering because of its good bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and processability. Nevertheless, its use is limited by its inadequate mechanical support, slow degradation rate and the lack of bioactivity and ability to induce cell adhesion and, thus, bone tissue regeneration. In this study, we fabricated 3D PCL scaffolds reinforced with a novel Mg-doped bioactive glass (Mg-BG) characterized by good mechanical properties and biological reactivity. An optimization of the printing parameters and scaffold fabrication was performed; furthermore, an extensive microtopography characterization by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy was carried out. Nano-indentation tests accounted for the mechanical properties of the scaffolds, whereas SBF tests and cytotoxicity tests using human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were performed to evaluate the bioactivity and in vitro viability. Our results showed that a 50/50 wt% of the polymer-to-glass ratio provides scaffolds with a dense and homogeneous distribution of Mg-BG particles at the surface and roughness twice that of pure PCL scaffolds. Compared to pure PCL (hardness H = 35 ± 2 MPa and Young’s elastic modulus E = 0.80 ± 0.05 GPa), the 50/50 wt% formulation showed H = 52 ± 11 MPa and E = 2.0 ± 0.2 GPa, hence, it was close to those of trabecular bone. The high level of biocompatibility, bioactivity, and cell adhesion encourages the use of the composite PCL/Mg-BG scaffolds in promoting cell viability and supporting mechanical loading in the host trabecular bone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Petretta

Gambardella

Boi

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…Alaboodi et al designed polycarbonate scaffolds with circular pore structure and studied their mechanical properties [ 15 ]. Kim et al studied the cellular response of bioglass composite scaffolds with rod structure [ 16 ]. L.Olivares et al proposed Gyroid and hexagonal scaffolds, and provides a computational approach to determine the mechanical stimuli at the cellular level when cells are cultured in a bioreactor and to relate mechanical stimuli with cell differentiation [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on mechanical properties and permeability of elliptical porous scaffold based on the SLM manufactured medical Ti6Al4V

Shi

Qin

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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In this paper, we take the elliptical pore structure which is similar to the microstructure of cancellous bone as the research object, four groups of bone scaffolds were designed from the perspective of pore size, porosity and pore distribution. The size of the all scaffolds were uniformly designed as 10 × 10 × 12 mm. Four groups of model samples were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) and Ti6Al4V materials. The statics performance of the scaffolds was comprehensively evaluated by mechanical compression simulation and mechanical compression test, the manufacturing error of the scaffold samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the permeability of the scaffolds were predicted and evaluated by simulation analysis of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that the different distribution of porosity, pore size and pores of the elliptical scaffold have a certain influence on the mechanical properties and permeability of the scaffold, and the reasonable size and angle distribution of the elliptical pore can match the mechanical properties and permeability of the elliptical pore scaffold with human cancellous bone, which has great potential for research and application in the field of artificial bone scaffold.

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“…A number of methods have been used to control the porosity of a scaffold. The combination of the freeze-drying and leaching template techniques 29 , supercritical CO 2 foaming and melt processing, robocasting 30 , 31 , immersion-precipitation, freeze casting 32 , salt leaching, laser sintering, electrospinning method and direct Melt ElectroWriting (MEW) technique 33 . However, most techniques have some drawbacks: They need special equipment, are often very expensive, involve organic/inorganic porogens, templates or complicated chemical process or technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel antimicrobial phosphate-free glass–ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration

Suárez

Fernández-García

Fernández

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In this study a phosphate-free glass-ceramic porous scaffold was synthesized by a three-step methodology involving slurry preparation, induction of porosity by surfactant-assisted foaming following by freeze-drying and sintering. This inorganic scaffold was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), degradation and bioactivity. Thermal treatment at 750 °C showed two new crystalline phases, combeite and nepheline, into the glassy matrix responsible for its properties. The cell response of the scaffold was also evaluated for using as a bone graft substitute. A commercial Biphasic Calcium Phosphate, BCP, scaffold was assessed in parallel as reference material. Microstructures obtained by SEM showed the presence of macro, meso and microporosity. The glass-ceramic scaffold possesses an interconnected porosity around 31% with a crack-pore system that promote the protein adsorption and cell attachment. Glass-ceramic scaffold with high concentration of calcium ions shows an antimicrobial behavior against Escherichia coli after 24 h of contact. nepheline phase present in the glass-ceramic structure is responsible for its high mechanical properties being around 87 MPa. Glass-ceramic scaffold promotes greater protein adsorption and therefore the attachment, spreading and osteodifferentiation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells than BCP scaffold. A higher calcification was induced by glass-ceramic scaffold compared to reference BCP material.

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3D-printed PCL/bioglass (BGS-7) composite scaffolds with high toughness and cell-responses for bone tissue regeneration

Cited by 47 publications

References 25 publications

Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses

Study on mechanical properties and permeability of elliptical porous scaffold based on the SLM manufactured medical Ti6Al4V

Novel antimicrobial phosphate-free glass–ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration

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