3D printed innovative customized solution for regulating weathering effect on heritage structures

Multi-material printing of PVDF composites: A customized solution for maintenance of heritage structures

“…The XRD plots obtained for sample 1 (Figure 9(c)) and sample 4 (Figure 9(d)) highlighted the presence of specific crystal structures and bonds reported in previous studies (like C-Ca, C-C, and C = O). 25–27 The peak observed in Figure 9(c) for the C-Ca bond at 27.288° value of 2Theta (2⊖) for sample1 got shifted towards the left at 2⊖ = 26.295° for sample 4. The peak shift with increased sharpness outlined the formation of a strong C-Ca bond in sample 4 for improved crystal structure in PVDF composites.…”

“…The XRD plots obtained for sample 1 (Figure 9(c)) and sample 4 (Figure 9(d)) highlighted the presence of specific crystal structures and bonds reported in previous studies (like C-Ca, C-C, and C = O). [25][26][27] The peak observed in Figure 9 improvement in self-expansion/ contraction capabilities of 3D printed composite parts.…”

“…The literature review also revealed that significant studies have been reported on the use of 3D technologies for the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage. 24–29 But hitherto little has been explored for the application of 3D printing-based repair of heritage buildings.…”

“…The literature review also revealed that significant studies have been reported on the use of 3D technologies for the conservation and restoration of cultural heritage. [24][25][26][27][28][29] But hitherto little has been explored for the application of 3D printingbased repair of heritage buildings. The present work is on investigations of 4D properties in multi-material 3D printed thermoplastic composites of PVDF base polymer matrix for fabrication of smart 3D repair solution.…”