3D-printed elastomer foam-based soft capacitive pressure sensors

Karagiorgis, Xenofon; Ntagios, Markellos; Skabara, Peter J.; Dahiya, Ravinder

doi:10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781553

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Up to 80 kPa, these results are larger than those reported for other 3D-printed porous sensors. [67][68][69] Moreover, the sensor with L equal to 0.8 mm showed a good signal stability over time (Figure 7e). These results demonstrated the potential of the proposed material to tune the sensor's properties depending on the 3D printed morphology.…”

Section: Proof Of Concept: Soft Force Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 88%

DLP‐Printable Porous Cryogels for 3D Soft Tactile Sensing

Cafiso,

Bernabei,

Lo Preti

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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Three‐Dimensional (3D) printed porous materials hold the potential for various soft sensing applications due to their remarkable flexibility, low density, and customizable geometries. However, developing versatile and efficient fabrication methods is crucial to unlock their full potential. A novel approach is introduced by combining Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing and freeze‐drying to manufacture deformable cryogels featuring intricate morphologies. Photocurable hydrogels based on Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)Polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), Polyethylene glycol Diacrylate (PEGDA) and Ethylene Glycol (EG) are successfully printed and lyophilized. In this way, porous cryogels with tailorable properties are achieved. Microporosity varies from 68% to 96%, according to the chemical composition. Ultra‐soft cryogels with a compressive modulus of 0.13MPa are fabricated by adding a reactive diluent. As a result of the cryogelation process, which effectively removes water from the hydrogels, microporous structures with details as fine as 100 µm are obtained. The achieved freedom of design is exploited to fabricate resistive force sensors with a honeycomb lattice morphology. The sensitivity and the working range of the sensors can be tailored by tuning the size of the cells, paving the way for sensors with programmable architectures that can meet diverse requirements.

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Section: Proof Of Concept: Soft Force Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 88%

DLP‐Printable Porous Cryogels for 3D Soft Tactile Sensing

Cafiso,

Bernabei,

Lo Preti

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…To further improve the sensor's sensitivity, we have used a porous dielectric layer, which can be obtained by mixing PDMS with salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3), or sugar cubes or yeast [31][32][33]. This paper expands our conference work presented at the IEEE International Conference on Flexible, Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS) 2022 [34]. The expanded work includes development of new sensors with a porous dielectric using different weight ratios of PDMS: NH4HCO3: BaTiO3 (e.g., 80:20:1, 26.6:6.67:1 and 16:4:1, corresponding to 1, 3 and 5 wt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Elastomeric Foam-Based Soft Capacitive Pressure Sensors Using Direct Ink Writing

Karagiorgis

Ntagios

Skabara

et al. 2023

IEEE Flex. Electron.

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Conformable and flexible tactile/pressure sensors are of interest in applications such as robotics, wearable and interactive systems to measure the contact forces. These applications require a large number of robust sensors, for which simple manufacturing routes such as additive manufacturing can be useful. Herein, we present the fully 3D printed capacitive touch sensors comprising of elastomeric foam-based soft dielectric layers (blends of PDMS and BaTiO3) and PEDOT: PSS and AgNWs composite-based electrodes. The devices were encapsulated with 3D printed PDMS and tested under dynamic and static stimuli. The sensor with 1% wt. of BaTiO3 exhibited the best performance with a sensitivity of 0.571 %kPa -1 and excellent linearity (99.32%). The observed capacitive behavior of the sensor is significantly higher than a similar sensor with bulk PDMS as the dielectric. The fabrication approach employed in this work has the untapped potential to develop soft and flexible electronic skin (e-skin) for wearables, health monitoring, and rehabilitation.

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“…Until now, biodegradable sensors have been reported to detect gas, [ 11 ] temperature, [ 12,13 ] humidity, [ 14,15 ] and water pressure. [ 16 ] However, for actual application to wide‐area environmental monitoring, there is a technical problem to be solved because those reported sensors are not entirely biodegradable: only the sensing part is biodegradable in most cases, and they rely on non‐biodegradable components such as electrical circuits for wiring/wireless information transmission or power units' battery. Therefore, for wide‐area environmental monitoring, it is expected to achieve a battery‐free and completely biodegradable wireless sensor that integrates sensing and information transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entirely Biodegradable Wireless pH Sensor with Split‐Ring Resonators for Soil pH Monitoring

Sakabe,

Kan,

Onoe

2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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This paper describes a wireless and battery‐free soil pH sensor made entirely of degradable materials. Soil pH monitoring is significant for precision agriculture and environmental conservation because soil health can be estimated by measuring soil pH. Soil pH can be measured by collecting soil samples and analyzing them in a laboratory environment or by inserting an electrode‐type sensor into the soil and measuring soil pH on site. However, neither method is suitable for wide‐area soil pH sensing for precision agriculture or environmental conservation. Herein, a fully biodegradable wireless pH sensor is presented that can be dispersed to outdoor environment to detect soil acidity. The sensor is operated wirelessly through split‐ring resonators (SRRs) that consist of patterned octacalcium phosphate (OCP)‐coated magnesium (Mg) on a poly‐lactic acid (PLA) sheet. At acidic soil pH, the degradation of each SRR results in a change in the electromagnetic response of the sensor. The operation of the sensor in six different types of acidic soils is demonstrated to distinguish the acidic soil wirelessly. It is expected that the biodegradable sensor can be applied to low‐cost, easy‐to‐use, and environmentally friendly monitoring of soil pH.

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3D-printed elastomer foam-based soft capacitive pressure sensors

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

DLP‐Printable Porous Cryogels for 3D Soft Tactile Sensing

DLP‐Printable Porous Cryogels for 3D Soft Tactile Sensing

Elastomeric Foam-Based Soft Capacitive Pressure Sensors Using Direct Ink Writing

Entirely Biodegradable Wireless pH Sensor with Split‐Ring Resonators for Soil pH Monitoring

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