3D printed bone models in oral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery: a systematic review

Abstract

Aim This systematic review aimed to evaluate the use of three-dimensional (3D) printed bone models for training, simulating and/or planning interventions in oral and cranio-maxillofacial surgery. Materials and methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed® and SCOPUS® databases, up to March 10, 2019, by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol. Study selection, quality assessment (modified Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool) and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. All original full papers written in English/French/Italian and dealing with the fabrication of 3D printed models of head bone structures, designed from 3D radiological data were included. Multiple parameters and data were investigated, such as author’s purpose, data acquisition systems, printing technologies and materials, accuracy, haptic feedback, variations in treatment time, differences in clinical outcomes, costs, production time and cost-effectiveness. Results Among the 1157 retrieved abstracts, only 69 met the inclusion criteria. 3D printed bone models were mainly used as training or simulation models for tumor removal, or bone reconstruction. Material jetting printers showed best performance but the highest cost. Stereolithographic, laser sintering and binder jetting printers allowed to create accurate models with adequate haptic feedback. The cheap fused deposition modeling printers exhibited satisfactory results for creating training models. Conclusion Patient-specific 3D printed models are known to be useful surgical and educational tools. Faced with the large diversity of software, printing technologies and materials, the clinical team should invest in a 3D printer specifically adapted to the final application.

Quantitative Assessment of Point-of-Care 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Cranial Implants

“…Material extrusion-based 3D printing from thermoplastic polymer filaments usually referred to as fused filament fabrication (FFF), is the most commonly used AM technique in hospitals due to its ease of operability and availability of low-cost machines. However, FFF technology has been limited to the production of anatomical biomodels and has not yet been adopted into the mainstream production of functional implants [24][25][26]. With advancements in AM systems, 3D printing of high-temperature thermoplastic polymers such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and prospects for customized FFF 3D-printed PEEK surgical implants have emerged, increasing attention for POC manufacturing [27][28][29].…”

3D Printing in Digital Prosthetic Dentistry: An Overview of Recent Developments in Additive Manufacturing

“…This multi-layering can refer to tooth structures as well as to la of the entire jaw. Such models are extremely versatile to use; they may co tical simulation teeth for endodontic exercises [69] (Figure 11) to multi-la the complete jaw for surgical simulations and trainings [70] (Figure 12). The next stage of development for the production of training models are multi-layer models.…”

3D Printed Patient-Specific Complex Hip Arthroplasty Models Streamline the Preoperative Surgical Workflow: A Pilot Study

“…The current literature regarding the biomechanics of 3D printed materials mainly focuses on qualitative surgeon assessment of haptics, with quantitative studies still lacking (31). The femoral side was not investigated in this study due to material deficiencies.…”