3D porous CS-AuNPs-PEDOT-PB nanocomposite cryogel for highly sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen determination

Realizing the label-free sensitive detection of carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA) in blood serum via a MNC-decorated flexible immunosensor

“…With the advancements in nanotechnology and materials science, a variety of composites such as noble and non-noble metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, metal oxides, electroactive component-capture nanoparticles, [21][22][23][24][25] conducting and non-conducting polymers, and carbonaceous materialbased composites have been explored as transduction materials for the sensitive, fouling-free, and label-free electrochemical detection of CEA. [26][27][28][29] However, till date, the development of label-free electrochemical immunosensors has been limited by their low sensitivity due to the complex substrate fabrication procedures, use of costly coupling agents, and instability of the probe. As a result, the choice of transducing material is the key step in the fabrication of immunosensors under physiological conditions without the use of any coupling or blocking agent.…”