3D Motion of DNA-Au Nanoconjugates in Graphene Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy

Chen, Qian; Smith, Jessica M.; Park, Jungwon; Kim, Kwanpyo; Ho, Davy; Rasool, Haider I.; Zettl, A.; Alivisatos, A. Paul

doi:10.1021/nl402694n

Cited by 184 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…While this review described a number of promising concrete proposals to sequence DNA with graphene nanodevices, the coming years may witness even more different approaches, for example involving DNA in graphene liquid cells [128], or DNA translocation through carbon nanotubes [129,130]. Given the significant efforts on single-molecule sequencing and the fabrication of graphene nanostructures, we are hopeful that DNA sequencing with graphene will indeed materialize.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing

2016

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Fast, cheap, and reliable DNA sequencing could be one of the most disruptive innovations of this decade as it will pave the way for personalised medicine. In pursuit of such technology, a variety of nanotechnology-based approaches have been explored and established including sequencing with nanopores. Due to its unique structure and properties, graphene provides interesting opportunities for the development of a new sequencing technology. In recent years, a wide range of creative ideas for graphene sequencers have been theoretically proposed and the first experimental demonstrations have begun to appear. Here, we review the different approaches to using graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing, which involve DNA passing through graphene nanopores, nanogaps, and nanoribbons, and the physisorption of DNA on graphene nanostructures. We discuss the advantages and problems of each of these key techniques, and provide a perspective on the use of graphene in future DNA sequencing technology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing

2016

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“…2B) (23). A small volume of reaction solution is trapped between two electron-permeable membranes, such as graphene (32,33), and energy delivered by the beam initiates particle nucleation. Techniques such as electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) allow atomic-resolution imaging and chemical identification with liquid cells.…”

Section: Nanoparticle Coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal nanoparticles as advanced biological sensors

Howes

Chandrawati

Stevens

2014

Science

878

686

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Colloidal nanoparticle biosensors have received intense scientific attention and offer promising applications in both research and medicine. We review the state of the art in nanoparticle development, surface chemistry, and biosensing mechanisms, discussing how a range of technologies are contributing toward commercial and clinical translation. Recent examples of success include the ultrasensitive detection of cancer biomarkers in human serum and in vivo sensing of methyl mercury. We identify five key materials challenges, including the development of robust mass-scale nanoparticle synthesis methods, and five broader challenges, including the use of simulations and bioinformatics-driven experimental approaches for predictive modeling of biosensor performance. The resultant generation of nanoparticle biosensors will form the basis of high-performance analytical assays, effective multiplexed intracellular sensors, and sophisticated in vivo probes.Evolution has given rise to organisms of staggering complexity. Our now extensive knowledge of biological systems pales in comparison to the remaining mysteries. Unraveling these requires tools that probe the molecular machinery of life and provide detailed feedback on complex networks of subtle interactions. Such tools are cornerstones of biomedical research and practice, and improvements in these lead directly to a better understanding of fundamental biology, monitoring of health, and diagnosis of disease. Colloidal nanoparticle biosensors are a class of biological probe that will not only yield improved biological sensing but also provide a step change in our ability to probe the biomolecular realm. Nanoparticles can act as high-performance sensors because nanomaterials exhibit unique and useful behaviors not present in their bulk form: for example, bright tunable fluorescence from semiconductor nanoparticles and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomena in metallic nanoparticles. These particles exhibit intense responses to incident light (or other stimuli), and the ability to modulate this response by interaction with target analytes makes them excellent biosensor signal transducers. Outputs can be quantitative or qualitative depending on the functionality of

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“…The method represents a combination of three technological advancements from TEM imaging in biological and materials science: (1) the development of graphene as a covering to hold a liquid in vacuum (the so-called graphene liquid cell, or GLC) that allows atomic-resolution imaging of nanoparticles that move and rotate freely in solution by aberration-corrected TEM (3,19), (2) the advent of direct electron detectors, producing movies with millisecond frame-to-frame time resolution of the rotating nanocrystals (18), and (3) a theory for ab initio single-particle 3D reconstruction used to solve the inverse problem of recovering the unknown 3D orientations of the individual noisy nanocrystal projections (11). The resulting hybrid technique called SINGLE (3D Structure Identification of Nanoparticles by Graphene Liquid Cell EM) was used to separately reconstruct the 3D structures of two individual Pt nanocrystals in solution.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D structure of individual nanocrystals in solution by electron microscopy

Park

Elmlund

Ercius

et al. 2015

Science

Self Cite

273

252

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Abstract:Understanding structural details of colloidal nanoparticles is required to bridge our knowledge about their synthesis, growth mechanisms, and physical properties. We introduce a method for determining 3D structures of individual nanoparticles in solution.We combine a graphene liquid cell, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, a direct electron detector, and an algorithm for single-particle 3D reconstruction originally developed for analysis of biological molecules to produce two near-atomic resolution 3D structures of individual Pt nanocrystals. Since our method derives the 3D structure from images of individual nanoparticles rotating freely in solution, it enables the analysis of heterogeneous populations of potentially unordered nanoparticles that are synthesized in solution, thereby providing a means to understand the structure and stability of defects at the nanoscale. Main Text:Colloidal nanoparticles are clusters of hundreds to thousands of inorganic atoms typically surrounded by organic ligands that stabilize them in solution. The atomic arrangement of colloidal nanoparticles determines their chemical and physical properties, which are distinct from bulk materials and can be exploited for many applications in biological imaging, renewable energy, catalysis, and more. The 3D atomic arrangement on the surface and in the core of a nanocrystal influences the electronic structure, which affects how the nanocrystal functions in catalysis or how it interacts with other components at the atomic scale (1). Introduction of atomic dopants, surface adatoms, defects, and grain boundaries alters the chemical properties of nanocrystals (2). Ensembles of synthesized nanocrystals in solution are structurally inhomogeneous due to the stochastic nature of nanocrystal nucleation and growth (3,4). Therefore, a method for determination of the 3D atomic arrangement of individual unique nanoparticles in solution is needed. 3Electron tomography is routinely used for 3D analysis of materials (5-9). This method cannot be applied to individual particles in a liquid because it relies on acquisition of images of a single object at many different tilt angles over 2 to 5 hours, assuming the object is static during the entire acquisition. Single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a common method for the determination of 3D structures in biological sciences. The average 3D Coulomb potential map (density) of a protein is reconstructed from tens of thousands of TEM images of randomly oriented copies of the same protein embedded in vitreous ice (10). The unknown 3D projection angles of the images are determined by computational methods (11). Single-particle cryo-EM has succeeded in reconstructing biological molecules with nearly 3 Å resolution (10, 12). A similar approach was recently applied to reconstruct the atomic structure of homogeneous ultrasmall gold clusters (13). However, the single-particle method is not readily applicable to 3D reconstruction of colloidal nanoparticles due to their intrinsic struc...

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3D Motion of DNA-Au Nanoconjugates in Graphene Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy

Cited by 184 publications

References 33 publications

Graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing

Graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing

Colloidal nanoparticles as advanced biological sensors

3D structure of individual nanocrystals in solution by electron microscopy

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