3D modeling of subsurface fatigue crack nucleation potency of primary inclusions in heat treated and shot peened martensitic gear steels

Structure–property linkages using a data science approach: Application to a non-metallic inclusion/steel composite system

“…Inclusions are defects (mainly oxides, sulfides, and nitrides) which are spatially distributed in the steel microstructure and are known to adversely affect various macroscale mechanical properties both during processing as well as in the final finished product [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. Performance and properties of a steel sheet are strongly influenced by the size, shape, composition, type (hard or soft) and distribution of non-metallic inclusions in the steel sheet.…”

Failure of metals II: Fatigue

“…The emphasis of this selective overview of fatigue is on approaches which establish links between microstructure, environmental and geometrical effects. The understanding of such complex and coupled phenomena is crucial to enable the structural integrity assessments of engineering components since they convey the information necessary to bridge local and global fields, and can incorporate aspects arising from materials processing, manufacturing, and the environment, amongst others [1][2][3]. This work will show that one of the most significant factors which has greatly contributed to our current understanding of fatigue behaviour in metallic materials at low and high temperatures has been the development of sophisticated testing, characterisation and visualisation techniques at the nanometer and micrometer length scales.…”

Effects of Tube Processing on the Fatigue Life of Nitinol

“…Supportive of these observations are a number of recent numerical simulations modeling the effects of inclusion particle-matrix bonding on crack-nucleant potency. Prasannavenkatessan et al [36] performed micromechanical simulations of fatigue crack nucleation at second-phase particles that were perfectly bonded to the matrix, partially debonded, and cracked. They found a strong propensity for crack nucleation at inclusion clusters and that the crack-nucleant potency of inclusions is greatly increased by pre-existing particlematrix interfacial damage that occurred during primary metal forming operations, i.e., inclusions with partially debonded interfaces are significantly more potent crack nucleants than intact inclusions which, when coupled with intensification arising due to spatial alignment of inclusions in a cluster often serve as primary sources of fatigue cracking and component failure.…”