3D Knee Trochlear Morphology Assessment by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Normal and Dysplastic Trochleae

Pennock, Andrew T.; Chang, Aileen; Doan, Joshua D.; Bomar, James D.; Edmonds, Eric W.

doi:10.1097/bpo.0000000000001188

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Moreover, in the patient group, more severe trochlear dysplasia and patella alta would result in younger onset age of patellar instability. Our results not only confirmed that the patellar instability was a significant risk factor for multiple tissue injuries as previously reported, [3] but also showed new correlations among the tissue injuries and other factors in patients with patellar instability.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Magnetic resonance imaging-based pathogenic investigation of patellar instability

Song

Niu

Dong

et al. 2019

Chinese Medical Journal

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Magnetic resonance imaging-based pathogenic investigation of patellar instability

Song

Niu

Dong

et al. 2019

Chinese Medical Journal

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“…Our study suggests that trochlear depth would be sufficient for measuring the association of trochlear dysplasia with chondromalacia. Sulcus angle and trochlear depth are the two important factors associated with trochlear dysplasia in previous studies 35 , and the congruency of the patella and femoral trochlea has been underscored in the development of cartilage lesions. 10 Patellofemoral tracking is also considered an important factor in patellofemoral pain syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Relation of the chondromalatia patellae to proximal tibial anatomical parameters, assessed with MRI

Tabary

Esfahani

Nouraie

et al. 2020

Radiology and Oncology

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BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive highly sensitive tool for diagnosing chondromalacia patellae in the early stages. Many studies have evaluated patellar and trochlear morphology with different radiologic indices. We aimed to assess the discriminative power of tibial, patellar, and femoral indices in MRI for chondromalacia patellae.Patients and methods100 cases of chondromalacia, as well as 100 age-matched controls among the patients who underwent knee MRI between February 2017 and March 2019, were included. The standard protocol of knee MRI was applied and the diagnosis of chondromalacia was made on MRI findings. Chondromalacia subjects were also classified as grade 1 to 4 according to the Modified Outerbridge’s MRI grading system. We measured 25 MRI parameters in the knee and adjacent structures to determine the relation between chondromalacia patellae and anatomical MRI parameters.ResultsTibial slope, trochlear depth, lateral trochlear inclination, and lateral patellar tilt angle had significant correlation with chondromalacia. Any increase in lateral trochlear inclination and lateral patellar tilt angle could increase the probability of the disease (Odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03–1.30; 1.02–1.26, respectively), while any increase in medial tibial slope and trochlear depth could decrease the probability of chondromalacia (OR 0.85, 0.06; 95% CI: 0.73–0.98, 0.02–0.17, respectively). We also designed a model for the severity of disease by using the patellar height index (relative odds ratio: 75.9).ConclusionsThe result of this study showed the novelty role of tibial anatomy in developing chondromalacia and its mechanism. We also concluded that patellar height might be an important factor in defining disease severity.

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“…Among them, 69% of primary patellar dislocations were aged between 10 and 19 years, with a 1.61-fold higher incidence in women than in men [6,12]. Several studies reported morphological and anatomic differences in patellar dislocation of patients' knees using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with a normal knee [13][14][15][16][17]. However, only a few studies have investigated the morphometric changes in the patellofemoral joint of the skeletally immature knee between males and females with aging [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents

Choi

Lee

et al. 2021

Diagnostics

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Background: The morphology and alignment of the patellofemoral joint are crucial risk factors for patellar instability, and the incidence of acute primary patellar dislocation is the highest in women in their second decade of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze age and gender variations of the patellofemoral joint using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A total of 852 patients aged between 4 and 18 years with a history of knee MRI examinations were screened for eligibility and 663 patients (470 males, 193 females) were included. Patients were divided into groups according to age and sex. The age group was divided into five groups (Group 1, 4–6 years; Group 2, 7–9 years; Group 3, 10–12 years; Group 4, 13–15 years; and Group 5, 16–18 years). Three orthopaedic surgeons measured MRI parameters reflecting the patellofemoral morphology (sulcus angle, lateral trochlear inclination, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth) and alignment (tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, percent sulcus location, and percent tibia tuberosity location). Results: Parameters including tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, sulcus angle, percent tibial tuberosity location, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth showed significant differences between the age groups (p < 0.05). The sulcus angle decreased fin Group 2, and the femoral depth showed an increasing trend with aging in male patients. However, the sulcus angle in females decreased first and then increased in Group 3 as the inflection point. The femoral depth showed an opposite pattern. Conclusions: Patellofemoral morphometry showed age and gender variation. Notably, the sulcus angle and femoral depth were significantly different between males and females and changed according to the development. These findings may reflect the sex difference and peak incidence of the patellar instability risk. Understanding the morphological changes and differences of the patellofemoral joint may facilitate the diagnosis of patellofemoral pathologies.

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3D Knee Trochlear Morphology Assessment by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Normal and Dysplastic Trochleae

Abstract: Level III-case-control prognostic study.

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Magnetic resonance imaging-based pathogenic investigation of patellar instability

Magnetic resonance imaging-based pathogenic investigation of patellar instability

Relation of the chondromalatia patellae to proximal tibial anatomical parameters, assessed with MRI

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents

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