3D-characterization of deuterium distributions in zirconium oxide scale using high-resolution SIMS

Li, Kexue; Aarholt, Thomas; Liu, Junliang; Hulme, Helen; Garner, Alistair; Preuß, Michael; Lozano-Pérez, Sergio; Grovenor, C.R.M.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.09.101

Cited by 21 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…2D following the methodologies described in Ref. (47). We have plotted depth and line profiles using ImageJ with the OpenMIMS plugin (Harvard) (48) from small regions covering one 19 Fhotspot and part of the perovskite matrix to compare the 19 Fintensities.…”

Section: High-resolution Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Characterizamentioning

confidence: 99%

A piperidinium salt stabilizes efficient metal-halide perovskite solar cells

Lin

Sakai

et al. 2020

Science

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Longevity has been a long-standing concern for hybrid perovskite photovoltaics. We demonstrate high-resilience positive-intrinsic-negative perovskite solar cells by incorporating a piperidinium-based ionic compound into the formamidinium-cesium lead-trihalide perovskite absorber. With the bandgap tuned to be well suited for perovskite-on-silicon tandem cells, this piperidinium additive enhances the open-circuit voltage and cell efficiency. This additive also retards compositional segregation into impurity phases and pinhole formation in the perovskite absorber layer during aggressive aging. Under full-spectrum simulated sunlight in ambient atmosphere, our unencapsulated and encapsulated cells retain 80 and 95% of their peak and post-burn-in efficiencies for 1010 and 1200 hours at 60° and 85°C, respectively. Our analysis reveals detailed degradation routes that contribute to the failure of aged cells.

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Section: High-resolution Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Characterizamentioning

confidence: 99%

A piperidinium salt stabilizes efficient metal-halide perovskite solar cells

Lin

Sakai

et al. 2020

Science

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519

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“…We tested four images to demonstrate the denoising ability of the WNNM method, compared with the median filter. [12][13][14] The first example is a 19 P − / 18 O − image of the zircon. The noisy image is shown in Figure 1A.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main aim of the NanoSIMS observation is to pursue the highest spatial resolution within a small window, where the local details are usually critical for geological interpretation; thus, the selection of denoising methods should avoid an incorrect connection between small patches because of oversmoothing, which is usually associated with the total variation method and the moving‐average window method . Besides the moving‐average window method, median filter is also used to reduce the noise in NanoSIMS. Although being popular in the denoising of NanoSIMS image, the median filter would also encounter oversmoothing when we are using a large window size to reduce the random noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NanoSIMS image enhancement by reducing random noise using low‐rank method

Lin

Hao

Miao

et al. 2020

Surface & Interface Analysis

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NanoSIMS images are usually affected by random noises because of various types of sources, which degrade the quality of ion images and increase the uncertainty of the geochemical interpretations. Here, we applied the weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM) method to reduce the random noise in the NanoSIMS image. The low‐rank property of the image is fully considered to suppress random noise while retaining reliable details of weak signals. Numerical experiments on four different kinds of NanoSIMS ion images show that the denoising ability of the WNNM method is superior to that of the median filter, no matter the size of the filtering windows used (eg, 3 × 3, 5 × 5, and 7 × 7). The WNNM method can reduce random noise while preserving the most critical details in the original NanoSIMS observations, which can significantly enhance reliability when distinguishing critical boundaries and structures.

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“…As deuterium is present in the environment with a natural isotopic abundance of only 0.01%, it was assumed that any significant deuterium signals detected were from the 100% heavywater oxidation stage. We have explored the experimental conditions needed to achieve reliable analysis of deuterium in these oxidised zirconium alloy samples [37], and have used these to avoid artefacts in this work.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-technique study of “barrier layer” nano-porosity in Zr oxides during corrosion and hydrogen pickup using (S)TEM, TKD, APT and NanoSIMS

Aarholt

Setiadinata

et al. 2019

Corrosion Science

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• Fresnel imaging in the TEM has been used to identify different types of porosity in the protective oxide near the "barrier layer", around 0~200nm from the metal-oxide interface. • More disorganised oxide grains and nano-porosity network is found by TEM and TKD in rapidly oxidising samples. • NanoSIMS analysis suggests that the transition event enables the propagation or trapping of deuterium while the pre-transition sample is a good barrier to deuterium penetration. • APT data provides strong direct evidence for D segregation in the "barrier layer" at oxide grain boundaries and nano porosity. • The nanopores, if interconnected, can be the dominant pathway for hydrogen transport to the metal matrix.

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3D-characterization of deuterium distributions in zirconium oxide scale using high-resolution SIMS

Cited by 21 publications

References 44 publications

A piperidinium salt stabilizes efficient metal-halide perovskite solar cells

A piperidinium salt stabilizes efficient metal-halide perovskite solar cells

NanoSIMS image enhancement by reducing random noise using low‐rank method

A multi-technique study of “barrier layer” nano-porosity in Zr oxides during corrosion and hydrogen pickup using (S)TEM, TKD, APT and NanoSIMS

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