3D characterisation of potential CO<sub>2</sub> reservoir and seal rocks

Golab, Alexandra; Romeyn, Rowan; Averdunk, Holger; Knackstedt, Mark; Senden, Tim J.

doi:10.1080/08120099.2012.675889

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…1 shows a set of 2D slices through the rock and pore space filled with the various fluids at different saturation stages: connate-water saturation (S wc ), residual oil saturation (S or ), the two initial gas saturations (S gi,g and S gi,bg ), and the two residual gas saturations (S gr,gb and S gr,bgb ). The slices display a grayscale map, where each grayscale corresponds to a specific relative radiodensity of a volume element, and this grayscale can be assigned to a certain material (i.e., rock, oil, gas or water) (Golab et al 2013). The gas has the lowest relative radiodensity and it is thus black, whereas oil (because it is brominated) has the highest relative radiodensity and is white.…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cluster-size distributions again have an important impact on mass-transfer processes because they influence interfacial areas (Figs. 5 and 6) and remobilization of larger drops, which is easier to accomplish (Herring et al 2013). The s-values are similar for all saturation states (s ¼ approximately 0.7-1), except for oil (s ¼ 1.7) and gas (s ¼ 1.15) in the water-wet plug and gas (s ¼ 1.3) in the intermediate-wet plug.…”

Section: Fluid/fluid System Ift (Mn/m)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Wettability on Residual Gas Trapping and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Flow: A Pore-Scale Analysis by Use of Microcomputed Tomography

et al. 2016

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We imaged an intermediate-wet sandstone in three dimensions at high resolution (1-3.4 mm 3 ) with X-ray microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) at various saturation states. Initially the core was at connate-water saturation and contained a large amount of oil (94%), which was produced by a waterflood [recovery factor R f ¼ 52% of original oil in place (OOIP)] or a direct gas flood (R f ¼ 66% of OOIP). Subsequent waterflooding and/or gasflooding (water-alternating-gas process) resulted in significant incremental-oil recovery (R f ¼ 71% of OOIP), whereas a substantial amount of gas could be stored (approximately 50%)-significantly more than in an analog water-wet plug. The oil-and gascluster-size distributions were measured and followed a powerlaw correlation N ! V Às , where N is the frequency with which clusters of volume V are counted, and with decays exponents s between 0.7 and 1.7. Furthermore, the cluster volume V plotted against cluster surface area A also correlated with a power-law correlation A ! V p , and p was always % 0.75. The measured sand p-values are significantly smaller than predicted by percolation theory, which predicts p % 1 and s ¼ 2.189; this raises increasing doubts regarding the applicability of simple percolation models. In addition, we measured curvatures and capillary pressures of the oil and gas bubbles in situ, and analyzed the detailed pore-scale fluid configurations. The complex variations in fluid curvatures, capillary pressures, and the fluid/fluid or fluid/fluid/ fluid pore-scale configurations (exact spatial locations also in relation to each other and the rock surface) are the origin of the wellknown complexity of three-phase flow through rock.

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Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluid/fluid System Ift (Mn/m)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Wettability on Residual Gas Trapping and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Flow: A Pore-Scale Analysis by Use of Microcomputed Tomography

et al. 2016

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“…The distribution of reactive minerals within a reservoir rock is thought to significantly affect geochemical reactions during GCS and associated effects on reservoir mechanical properties . Extensive work in sedimentary geology has evaluated the textural organization of mineral assemblages in reservoir rock, primarily using thin sections and X‐ray microcomputed tomography imaging . In many cases, clays, aluminosilicates, carbonates, or a combination thereof can act as pore‐filling and grain‐coating agents, possibly cementing framework grains together.…”

Section: Geochemical Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[96][97][98][99] Extensive work in sedimentary geology has evaluated the textural organization of mineral assemblages in reservoir rock, primarily using thin sections and X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging. 100,101 In many cases, clays, aluminosilicates, carbonates, or a combination thereof can act as pore-filling and grain-coating agents, 89 possibly cementing framework grains together. An example is the Mt.…”

Section: Location and Function Of Reactive Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of geochemical–mechanical impacts in geological carbon storage reservoirs

et al. 2019

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Geological carbon storage (GCS) refers to the technology of capturing man‐made carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, typically from stationary power sources, and storing such emissions in deep underground reservoirs. GCS is an approach being explored globally as a defense mechanism against climate change projections, although it is not without its critics. An important focus has been recently placed on understanding the coupling between rock–fluid geochemical alterations and mechanical changes for CO2 storage schemes in saline aquifers. This article presents a review of the current state of knowledge regarding CO2‐induced geochemical reactions in subsurface reservoirs, and their potential impact on mechanical properties and microseismic events at CO2 storage sites. This review focuses, in particular, on the current state of the art in fluid–rock interactions within the GCS context. Key issues to be addressed include geochemical reactions and the alteration of transport and mechanical properties. Specific review topics include the swelling of clays, the prediction of dissolution and precipitation reaction rates, CO2‐induced changes in porosity and permeability, constitutive models of chemo–mechanical interactions in rock, and correlations between geochemical reactions and induced seismicity. The open questions in the field are emphasized, and new research needs are highlighted. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…See the recent review paper by Kyle and Ketcham [2015] that discusses the approaches and limitations to mineral identification and quantification (while they focus primarily on ores, this is a very good overview). An interesting but intensive approach that uses the 2-D-3-D registration of SEM and XCT was developed by a group at the Australian National University [Golab et al, 2012;Sheppard et al, 2014]. In addition to providing additional submicron level structural details, this technique allows for the coupling of mineralogy (from the SEM) with the XCT data.…”

Section: Opportunities In Imaging and X-ray Computed Microtomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting colloid transport through saturated porous media: A critical review

et al. 2015

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Understanding and predicting colloid transport and retention in water‐saturated porous media is important for the protection of human and ecological health. Early applications of colloid transport research before the 1990s included the removal of pathogens in granular drinking water filters. Since then, interest has expanded significantly to include such areas as source zone protection of drinking water systems and injection of nanometals for contaminated site remediation. This review summarizes predictive tools for colloid transport from the pore to field scales. First, we review experimental breakthrough and retention of colloids under favorable and unfavorable colloid/collector interactions (i.e., no significant and significant colloid‐surface repulsion, respectively). Second, we review the continuum‐scale modeling strategies used to describe observed transport behavior. Third, we review the following two components of colloid filtration theory: (i) mechanistic force/torque balance models of pore‐scale colloid trajectories and (ii) approximating correlation equations used to predict colloid retention. The successes and limitations of these approaches for favorable conditions are summarized, as are recent developments to predict colloid retention under the unfavorable conditions particularly relevant to environmental applications. Fourth, we summarize the influences of physical and chemical heterogeneities on colloid transport and avenues for their prediction. Fifth, we review the upscaling of mechanistic model results to rate constants for use in continuum models of colloid behavior at the column and field scales. Overall, this paper clarifies the foundation for existing knowledge of colloid transport and retention, features recent advances in the field, critically assesses where existing approaches are successful and the limits of their application, and highlights outstanding challenges and future research opportunities. These challenges and opportunities include improving mechanistic descriptions, and subsequent correlation equations, for nanoparticle (i.e., Brownian particle) transport through soil, developing mechanistic descriptions of colloid retention in so‐called “unfavorable” conditions via methods such as the “discrete heterogeneity” approach, and employing imaging techniques such as X‐ray tomography to develop realistic expressions for grain topology and mineral distribution that can aid the development of these mechanistic approaches.

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3D characterisation of potential CO₂ reservoir and seal rocks

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Influence of Wettability on Residual Gas Trapping and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Flow: A Pore-Scale Analysis by Use of Microcomputed Tomography

Influence of Wettability on Residual Gas Trapping and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Flow: A Pore-Scale Analysis by Use of Microcomputed Tomography

A review of geochemical–mechanical impacts in geological carbon storage reservoirs

Predicting colloid transport through saturated porous media: A critical review

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3D characterisation of potential CO2 reservoir and seal rocks

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Influence of Wettability on Residual Gas Trapping and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Flow: A Pore-Scale Analysis by Use of Microcomputed Tomography

Influence of Wettability on Residual Gas Trapping and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Flow: A Pore-Scale Analysis by Use of Microcomputed Tomography

A review of geochemical–mechanical impacts in geological carbon storage reservoirs

Predicting colloid transport through saturated porous media: A critical review

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3D characterisation of potential CO₂ reservoir and seal rocks