3D bioprinting of human mesenchymal stem cells-laden hydrogels incorporating MXene for spontaneous osteodifferentiation

MXene and Xene: promising frontier beyond graphene in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

“…This interference, in turn, hampers the free-radical photopolymerization process that GelMA undergoes when exposed to UV radiation. 137 Cell viability analysis showed no significant difference between the bulk and printed bioinks, indicating that printing did not negatively affect cell viability. Moreover, the addition of MXene and AuNPs to the bioinks enhanced skeletal muscle differentiation, as indicated by the increased fusion index and myotube length and diameter and upregulated MHC expression.…”

Hydrogels and Bioprinting in Bone Tissue Engineering: Creating Artificial Stem‐Cell Niches for In Vitro Models

“…Undifferentiated stem cells (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)) have been used extensively due to their unique qualities, such as the capacity for self-renewal and ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. Commonly used stem cells include hASCs, [136,137] hMSCs, [138,139] and bone MSCs (bMSCs). [140,141] Recently, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been employed within bioprinting.…”

A Ti3C2 MXene-integrated near-infrared-responsive multifunctional porous scaffold for infected bone defect repair

“…Because of their robust NIR light absorption capacity and high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE), MXenes are recognized as promising PTAs and are used widely in the researches of PTT. 21 In addition, the unique structure of MXenes endows them with high hydrophilicity, protein adsorption capacity, and good electrical conductivity, 22,23 which promote cell-matrix and intercellular interactions, indicating that MXenes have great application potential in biomedicine. For instance, many previous studies have confirmed that MXenes can promote osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells.…”