3D analysis of the soil porous architecture under long term contrasting management systems by X-ray computed tomography

Pires, Luiz F.; Roque, Waldir L.; Rosa, Jadir Aparecido; Mooney, Sacha J.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.02.018

Cited by 52 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…0.5 in the subsoil (Figure 4b). Different X‐ray μCT studies, which examined the influence of tillage on the connectivity of macropores, showed both that tillage increases (Pihlap et al, 2019; Pires et al, 2017; Pires et al, 2019; Schlüter et al, 2018) or decreases (Dal Ferro et al, 2014; Lucas et al, 2019; Zhao et al, 2017) the connectivity of the pore space. This inconsistency may be due to the differences in the resolution of the images analysed, which ranged from around 0.003 mm to 0.06 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One example is those structural pores created by plants, which form a dense network of cylindrically shaped pores (biopores) (Leue et al, 2019; Lucas et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2018). Also, different tillage systems lead to characteristically formed pores (Pires et al, 2017; Pires, Roque, Rosa, & Mooney, 2019). Using a hierarchical sampling scheme and combining the information from images from different sample sizes and resolution to derive a complete description of multiscale heterogeneity (Bacq‐Labreuil et al, 2018; Dal Ferro, Sartori, Simonetti, Berti, & Morari, 2014; Karsanina, Gerke, Skvortsova, Ivanov, & Mallants, 2018; Leuther, Schlüter, Wallach, & Vogel, 2019; Schlüter et al, 2018; Schlüter, Weller, & Vogel, 2011; Vogel, Weller, & Schlüter, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing pore connectivity across scales and resolutions with X‐ray CT

Lucas

Vetterlein

Vogel

et al. 2020

European J Soil Science

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Connectivity is one of the most important parameters to quantify pore structure and link it to soil functions. One of the great challenges in quantifying connectivity with X‐ray microtomography (X‐ray μCT) is that high resolution, as required for small pores, can only be achieved in small samples in which the connectivity of larger pores can no longer be quantified in a meaningful way. The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in pore connectivity with changing sample size, covering a range of analysed pore diameters of more than three orders of magnitude. With this approach, we wanted to address whether pore types formed by different processes in an agricultural chronosequence leave characteristic traces in certain connectivity metrics. The Euler number, χ, and the connection probability of two random points within the pore system, that is, the Γ‐indicator, were determined as a function of minimum pore diameter. The results show that characteristic signatures of certain pore types overlap with scale artifacts in the connectivity functions. The Γ‐indicator, gives highly biased information in small samples. Therefore, we developed a new method for a joint‐Γ‐curve that merges information from three samples sizes. However, χ does not require such a scale fusion. It can be used to define characteristic size ranges for pore types and is very sensitive to the occurrence of bottle necks. Our findings suggest a joint evaluation of both connectivity metrics to disentangle different pore types with χ and to identify the contribution of different pore types to the overall pore connectivity with Γ. This evaluation on the chronosequence showed that biopores mainly connect pores of diameters between 0.5 and 0.1 mm. This was not coupled with an increase in pore volume. In contrast, tillage led to a shift of pores of diameter >0.05 mm towards pores of diameter >0.20 mm and thus increased connectivity of pores >0.20 mm. This work underlines the importance of accounting for the scale dependence of connectivity measures and provides a methodological approach for doing so. Highlights Scale dependence of connectivity metrics needs to be accounted for. Connectivity metrics can be used to disentangle different pore types across scales. Roots mainly connect the pore system between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. A joint Γ‐connectivity function can be constructed that is free of scale artifacts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing pore connectivity across scales and resolutions with X‐ray CT

Lucas

Vetterlein

Vogel

et al. 2020

European J Soil Science

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“…Linking soil hydraulic conductivity to pore geometry obtained from X-ray images is available, but most them integrated the macropores and micropores ( Koestel et al, 2018 , Pohlitz et al, 2019 , Schlüter et al, 2020 , Zhang et al, 2019 ). There are also studies on geometrical change in both intra-aggregate pores and macropores ( Borges et al, 2019 , Galdos et al, 2019 , Koestel and Schlüter, 2019 , Pires et al, 2019 , Schlüter et al, 2018 ), as well as their temporal evolution under different managements ( Lucas et al, 2019 , Schlüter et al, 2011 ). While a change in agronomical practices could lead to an instant change in pore geometries, it might take decades or even century for the pore geometries to reach a new statistically equilibrium state on average across the field following fertilization change or land conversion ( Lohse and Dietrich, 2005 , Lucas et al, 2019 , Neal et al, 2020a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of long-term fertilizations on soil hydraulic properties vary with scales

Zhang

Neal

Crawford

et al. 2021

Journal of Hydrology

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Highlights Soil samples were taken from field under different fertilizations for 175 years. Soil permeability was calculated using X-ray tomography and pore-scale simulation. Soil was more isotropic and homogenous at aggregate scale than at core scale. Soil permeability at core scale increased exponentially with soil carbon. Soil permeability at aggregate scale increased asymptotically with soil carbon.

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“…Pore connectivity is also one of the most important factors, alongside porosity and pore size distribution, in understanding soil functions (Rabot et al, 2018). Modification of pore connectivity can have a significant effect upon the distribution and the transport of gas and water (Lucas, Vetterlein, Vogel, & Schlütter, 2020; Müller et al, 2019; Pires, Roque, Rosa, & Mooney, 2019). Pires et al (2017) demonstrated that pore connectivity was enhanced in zero tillage systems over conventional tillage systems, especially in the upper 10 cm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field, long‐term management practices can have substantial impacts on soil structural dynamics (Bacq‐Labreuil et al, 2018; Müller et al, 2019; Pires et al, 2019). For example, 50 years of management of a typical silty clay loam soil as bare‐fallow resulted in significant reductions of carbon and nitrogen, and in the abundance of biological communities (Hirsch et al, 2017), with soil structure also severely compromised (Bacq‐Labreuil et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant structural evolution of a long‐term fallow soil in response to agricultural management practices requires at least 10 years after conversion

Bacq-Labreuil

Neal

Crawford

et al. 2020

European J Soil Science

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Agricultural practices can have significant effects on the physical and biological properties of soil. The aim of this study was to understand how the physical structure of a compromised soil, arising from long‐term bare‐fallow management, was modified by adopting different field management practices. We hypothesized that changing agricultural practices from bare‐fallow to arable or grassland would influence the modification of pore structure via an increase in porosity and pore connectivity, and a more homogenous distribution of pore sizes, and that this change exerts a rapid evolution of soil structure following conversion. Soil aggregates (<2 mm) collected in successive years from field plots subjected to three contrasting managements were studied: bare‐fallow, bare‐fallow converted to arable, and bare‐fallow converted to grassland. Soil structure was assessed by X‐ray computed tomography on the aggregates at 1.5 μm resolution, capturing detail relevant to soil biophysical processes. The grassland system increased porosity, diversity of pore sizes, pore connectivity and pore‐surface density significantly over the decade following conversion. However, measured at this resolution, the evolution of most of these metrics of soil structure required approximately 10 years post‐conversion to show a significant effect. The arable system did not influence soil structural evolution significantly. Only pore size distribution was modified in grassland in a shorter time frame (2 years post‐conversion). Hence, evolution of soil structural characteristics appears to require at least a decadal timescale following conversion to grassland. Highlights The physical structure of a compromised soil was modified by adopting plant‐based field management practices. Conversion to grassland increased pore size diversity after 2 years. Porosity, pore connectivity and pore surface density showed a significant modification between 7 and 10 years after conversion.

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3D analysis of the soil porous architecture under long term contrasting management systems by X-ray computed tomography

Cited by 52 publications

References 78 publications

Revealing pore connectivity across scales and resolutions with X‐ray CT

Revealing pore connectivity across scales and resolutions with X‐ray CT

The effects of long-term fertilizations on soil hydraulic properties vary with scales

Significant structural evolution of a long‐term fallow soil in response to agricultural management practices requires at least 10 years after conversion

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