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Turvill, James; Wapnir, Raul A.; Wingertzahn, Mark A.; Teichberg, Saul; Farthing, M. J. G.

doi:10.1023/a:1005529209427

Cited by 31 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Indeed, recent studies of CT hypersecretion begin after 2 h of incubation with CT for this reason (e.g., Mourad et al, 1995; Turvill et al, 2000a,b,c; Kordasti et al, 2006). Further, the increased propulsive activity induced by CT in the presence of granisetron declines to a plateau within 40 min, while CT-induced secretion begins at about 40 min and continues to rise for 60–90 min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminal Cholera Toxin Alters Motility in Isolated Guinea-Pig Jejunum via a Pathway Independent of 5-HT3 Receptors

Fung¹,

Ellis²,

Bornstein³

2010

Front. Neurosci.

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Cholera toxin (CT) is well established to produce diarrhea by producing hyperactivity of the enteric neural circuits that regulate water and electrolyte secretion. Its effects on intestinal motor patterns are less well understood. We examined the effects of luminal CT on motor activity of guinea-pig jejunum in vitro. Segments of jejunum were cannulated at either end and mounted horizontally. Their contractile activity was video-imaged and the recordings were used to construct spatiotemporal maps of contractile activity with CT (1.25 or 12.5 μg/ml) in the lumen. Both concentrations of CT induced propulsive motor activity in jejunal segments. The effect of 1.25 μg/ml CT was markedly enhanced by co-incubation with granisetron (5-HT3 antagonist, 1 μM), which prevents the hypersecretion induced by CT. The increased propulsive activity was not accompanied by increased segmentation and occurred very early after exposure to CT in the presence of granisetron. Luminal CT also reduced the pressure threshold for saline distension evoked propulsive reflexes, an effect resistant to granisetron. In contrast, CT prevented the induction of segmenting contractions by luminal decanoic acid, so its effects on propulsive and segmenting contractile activity are distinctly different. Thus, in addition to producing hypersecretion, CT excites propulsive motor activity with an entirely different time course and pharmacology, but inhibits nutrient-induced segmentation. This suggests that CT excites more than one enteric neural circuit and that propulsive and segmenting motor patterns are differentially regulated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminal Cholera Toxin Alters Motility in Isolated Guinea-Pig Jejunum via a Pathway Independent of 5-HT3 Receptors

Fung¹,

Ellis²,

Bornstein³

2010

Front. Neurosci.

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“…41 Treatment with oral rehydration solution (ORS) has reduced the levels of mortality in children and adults by dehydration, but not morbidity for diarrhoea. 42 Although the drugs such as racecadotril and loperamide are used to treat secretory diarrhoea, these drugs have side effects such as bronchospasm, vomiting and fever. 43 Antibiotics are used to treat diarrhoeal patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous synthesis of ZnTe/dendrimer nanocomposites and their antimicrobial activity: implications in therapeutics

Ghosh

Bag

et al. 2011

Nanoscale

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The present strategy proposes a simple and single step aqueous route for synthesizing stable, fluorescent ZnTe/dendrimer nanocomposites with varying dendrimer terminal groups. In these hybrid materials, the fluorescence of the semiconductor combines with the biomimetic properties of the dendrimer making them suitable for various biomedical applications. The ZnTe nanocomposites thus obtained demonstrate bactericidal activity against enteropathogenic bacteria without having toxic effects on the human erythrocytes. The average size of the ZnTe nanoparticles within the dendrimer matrix was in the range of 2.9-6.0 nm, and they have a good degree of crystallinity with a hexagonal crystal phase. The antibacterial activities of the ZnTe/dendrimer nanocomposites (ZnTe DNCs) as well other semiconductor nanocomposites were evaluated against enteropathogenic bacteria including multi-drug resistant Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). ZnTe DNCs had significant antibacterial activity against strains of V. cholerae and ETEC with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 64 to 512 μg ml(-1) and minimum bactericidal concentrations ranging from 128 to 1000 μg ml(-1). Thus, the observed results suggest that these water-soluble active nanocomposites have potential for the treatment of enteric diseases like diarrhoea and cholera.

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“…[ [94][95][96] Water and electrolyte up-taking GA increases water and electrolyte movement from the intestinal lumen to the bloodstream. [97] Gut probiotic effect GA increases the growth of colonic beneficial strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. GA selectively nourishes gut microbiota and aid to produces short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, and inhibits pathogenic organisms, e.g., the Clostridium histolyticum group, that are commonly associated with gut dysbiosis.…”

Section: Dermatological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Main Phytoconstituents, Traditional Uses, Inventions, and Patent Literature of Gum Arabic Emphasizing Acacia seyal

et al. 2022

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Acacia seyal is an important source of gum Arabic. The availability, traditional, medicinal, pharmaceutical, nutritional, and cosmetic applications of gum acacia have pronounced its high economic value and attracted global attention. In addition to summarizing the inventions/patents applications related to gum A. seyal, the present review highlights recent updates regarding its phytoconstituents. Traditional, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and medicinal uses with the possible mechanism of actions have been also reviewed. The patent search revealed the identification of 30 patents/patent applications of A. seyal. The first patent related to A. seyal was published in 1892, which was related to its use in the prophylaxis/treatment of kidney and bladder affections. The use of A. seyal to treat cancer and osteoporosis has also been patented. Some inventions provided compositions and formulations containing A. seyal or its ingredients for pharmaceutical and medical applications. The inventions related to agricultural applications, food industry, cosmetics, quality control of gum Arabic, and isolation of some chemical constituents (L-rhamnose and arabinose) from A. seyal have also been summarized. The identification of only 30 patents/patent applications from 1892 to 15 November 2021 indicates a steadily growing interest and encourages developing more inventions related to A. seyal. The authors recommend exploring these opportunities for the benefit of society.

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Untitled

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Luminal Cholera Toxin Alters Motility in Isolated Guinea-Pig Jejunum via a Pathway Independent of 5-HT3 Receptors

Luminal Cholera Toxin Alters Motility in Isolated Guinea-Pig Jejunum via a Pathway Independent of 5-HT3 Receptors

Aqueous synthesis of ZnTe/dendrimer nanocomposites and their antimicrobial activity: implications in therapeutics

A Review on the Main Phytoconstituents, Traditional Uses, Inventions, and Patent Literature of Gum Arabic Emphasizing Acacia seyal

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