Untitled

Abstract

Many of these factors may potentially affect breast cancer risk through their effect on percent breast density.

Daidzein-metabolizing phenotypes in relation to mammographic breast density among premenopausal women in the United States

“…Similarly, mean percent breast density among women in this study was comparable with that reported for premenopausal women in other studies [37][38][39], although some have reported slightly higher levels of density [40,41]; this could be due to the fact that we recruited women stratified by BIRADS density score to include premenopausal women with low, as well as high, densities. In agreement with other studies in premenopausal women [40,42,43], we observed inverse associations between breast density and BMI, WHR, and parity. We also observed an inverse association between breast density and ever having breastfed a child (yes/no), but not duration of breastfeeding which was shown in another study [43].…”

Anthropometric characteristics and mammographic parenchymal patterns in post-menopausal women: a population-based study in Northern Greece

“…As a consequence, although the total area of the breast tissue remains the same, the fatty area increases while the dense area decreases [57].…”

Endogenous Sex Hormones and Breast Density in Young Women

“…Between 1988 and 1990, DISC enrolled 663 children (301 girls and 362 boys) at six clinical centers: Children's Hospital, New Orleans, LA; Johns Hopkins University Hospital, Baltimore, MD; Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL; and University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA. Children in the DISC met the following inclusion criteria: (1) age 7–10 years, (2) in the 80–90th percentiles for serum LDL-C level, (3) in the ≥ 5th percentile for height and 5th–90th percentile for weight for height, (4) Tanner Stage 1 of sexual maturation, and (5) no major illnesses and not taking any medication influencing blood lipids or growth. Children were randomized to either a behavioral diet intervention to promote a diet lower in saturated fat or an usual-care control group.…”

“…In a meta-analysis, women with dense breasts were at a 4-fold excess risk of developing breast cancer (2). Reproductive and menstrual factors (e.g., nulliparity, late menopause and late first pregnancy) (3) and exogenous hormone use (4, 5) have been associated with greater breast density. These findings are consistent with an estrogenic hormonal proliferative effect on breast tissue (6-10) that is reflected in the amount of dense tissue and breast density (11).…”