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Stewart, D. P. C.; Metherell, A. K.

doi:10.1023/a:1004668910787

Cited by 68 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Generally, soil organic matter (SOM) mean residence time depends on SOM quality and the level of its physical and chemical protection (e.g. Jenkinson and Rayner 1977;Stevenson 1994;Sollins et al 1996;Zaccone et al 2011). Consequently, ca 1,500 Pg of organic carbon in the upper meter of mineral soils (Jobbágy and Jackson 2000) consists of several pools with characteristic turnover times (Parton et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

Ahmed¹,

Pichler

Homolák

et al. 2012

Eur J Forest Res

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Little is known on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in karst areas worldwide, although many of them have seen long-term application of agroforestry systems with a potential for carbon sequestration. Therefore, our study aimed to assess landscape-level SOC concentration and stock in the Silica Plateau, a part of the Slovak Karst Biosphere Reserve located in the Western Carpathians (Slovakia) with a centuries-long agroforestry record. The most represented local soil units are Chromi-Rendzic Leptosols and Chromic Cambisols with clayey loam texture, C/N ratio 9-12, and pH H 2 O 6.6-6.2 in their organo-mineral surface horizons. Mull surface humus form prevails under mixed forest stands dominated by hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), oak (Quercus petraea L.), and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). A total of 2,700 soil samples were collected from 150 soil pits. Both SOC concentrations and stocks were determined for the 0-60 cm mineral soil layer. Soil stoniness was accounted for by means of electrical resistivity tomography. According to the analysis of covariance, cropland SOC concentration (0.026 g g -1 ) is significantly lower compared to forestland (0.040 g g -1 ) and pastureland (0.041 g g -1 ) (P \ 0.01). During the period of 130 years after forest clearing, cropland SOC stock has been reduced at an exponential decay rate of ca 0.002 year -1 , while the SOC stock in pastureland has increased following land use change from cropland by approximately 30% during the same period of time. Irrespective of land use history, overall SOC stock is high reaching on average 207.4 Mg ha -1 , out of which 66% are stored within 0-30 cm and 34% within 30-60 cm soil layers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

Ahmed¹,

Pichler

Homolák

et al. 2012

Eur J Forest Res

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“…Their laboratory experiments showed that at elevated CO 2 concentrations plant C assimilation and partitioning was altered to favour photosynthate C turnover through rapidly metabolised C pools. Stewart and Metherell 19 attempted to determine the effects of plant community composition and soil type on C turnover in grazed New Zealand grasslands. The approach they employed involved the acidification of 13 C labelled inorganic C sources (Na 2 CO 3 ) to produce a pulse of CO 2 at elevated concentrations (b1000 ppm).…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon assimilation and turnover in grassland vegetation using anin situ13CO2 pulse labelling system

Ostle

Ineson

Benham

et al. 2000

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

122

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A mobile laboratory was developed to administer a controlled flow of 13C labelled CO2 at ambient concentrations (∼350 ppm) in the field. The stable isotope delivery (SID) system consists of an isotope‐mixing unit with flow control to a series of 12 independent labelling chambers. In‐line CPU controlled infrared gas analysers allow automated measurement of chamber CO2 concentrations and gas flow management. A preliminary experiment was established on an upland pasture located at the NERC Soil Biodiversity experimental site, Sourhope, UK, in August 1999. The objective of this investigation was to determine the magnitude of pulse‐derived C incorporation into a typical upland plant community. To achieve this, the SID system was deployed to pulse‐label vegetation with CO2 enriched with 13C (50 atom %) at ambient concentrations (∼350 ppm) on two consecutive days in August 1999. Samples of headspace CO2, shoot and root were taken on four occasions over a period of 28 days after 13C labelling. These materials were then prepared for 13C/12C ratio determination by continuous‐flow/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF‐C‐IRMS). Results showed that pulse derived CO2‐C was assimilated at a rate of 128 ± 32 µg g shoot‐C hour−1. Dynamic samplings showed that pulse‐derived 13C concentrations in the labelled plant tissues declined by 77.4 ± 6% after 48 hours. The rapid decline in 13C concentrations in plant matter was the result of C loss from the plant in the form of respired CO2 and root exudates, and dilution by subsequent unlabelled C assimilates. This novel system offers considerable potential for in situ tracer investigations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Compared with DOC, soil CO 2 responded strongly to the addition of 13 CO 2 , indicating that a large fraction of C was cycling rapidly through the plant and soil system and was respired back to the atmosphere. In some small experiments, the 13 C labeled technique is widely used to understand the effects of elevated CO 2 concentration on the C uptake and allocation in plant (Stewart and Metherell, 1999), the C turnover of ecosystem (Hungate et al, 1997), and the stability and fate of C in soil (Hungate et al, 1997;Hagedorn et al, 2003). Hagedorn et al (2003) estimated the influence of two forest soils (acidic loam and calcareous sand) on the net input of new C into soils under CO 2 ( 13 C-depleted CO 2 ) enrichment.…”

Section: Applications Of 13 C Labeled Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of stable isotope techniques in studies of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem

Sun

Mou

et al. 2011

Chin. Geogr. Sci.

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Stable isotope techniques have been proved useful as tools for studying the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. This paper firstly introduced the basic principles and the distribution characteristics of stable isotope, then reviewed the recent advances and applications of stable isotope in the C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. By applying the 13 C natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to understand the photosynthetic path and CO 2 fixation of plants, the CO 2 exchange and C balance status of ecosystem, the composition, distribution and turnover of soil organic C and the sources of organic matter in food webs, while by using the 13 C labeled technique, the effects of elevated CO 2 on the C processes of ecosystem and the sources and fate of organic matter in ecosystem can be revealed in detail. Differently, by applying the 15 N natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to analyze the biological N 2 -fixation, the N sources of ecosystem, the N transformation processes of ecosystem and the N trophic status in food webs, while by using the 15 N labeled technique, the sources, transformation and fate of N in ecosystem and the effects of N input on the ecosystem can be investigated in depth. The applications of both C and N isotope natural abundance and labeled techniques, combined with the elemental, other isotope ( 34 S) and molecular biomarker information, will be more propitious to the investigation of C and N cycle mechanisms. Finally, this paper concluded the problems existed in current researches, and put forward the perspective of stable isotope techniques in the studies of C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem in the future.

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Cited by 68 publications

References 24 publications

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

High organic carbon stock in a karstic soil of the Middle-European Forest Province persists after centuries-long agroforestry management

Carbon assimilation and turnover in grassland vegetation using anin situ13CO2 pulse labelling system

Application of stable isotope techniques in studies of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem

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