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Fan, J. H.; Okudaira, Atuya; Lin, RG; GZ, Xie

doi:10.1023/a:1000655821630

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…1. From the extended radio luminosities, BL Lacs are unified with FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies, which confirmed the results by Xie et al (1993), Owen et al (1996), Fan et al (1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…It is proposed that the FR Is and FR II(G)s are the parent population of BL Lacs as we mentioned above (Xie et al 1993;Owen et al 1996;Fan et al 1997). If it is the case, one can expect that, for the extended luminosity, the distribution of FR I/II(G)s and that of BL Lacs should be from the same parent distribution.…”

Section: Unification Schemementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Their special observation properties are due to the beaming effect. When their jets are perpendicular to the line of sight, they are radio galaxies, and FR Is and FR II(G)s are proposed to be the parent population of BL Lacs (Xie et al 1993;Owen et al 1996;Fan et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ghisellini et al (1993) computed the average Lorentz factor (Γ = 8.32) and viewing angle (θ = 11.8) for a sample of BL Lacs, which are consistent with other results from the attempts to unify FR I/BL Lac schemes, suggesting that the FR Is should be the parent population of the BL Lacs. Meanwhile, some authors suggested that FR II radio galaxies may be a part of parent population for BL Lacs (Xie et al 1993;Owen et al 1996;Fan et al 1997). Xie et al (1993) discussed the unified schemes of 75 BL Lacs, 27 FR I and 45 FR II(G) radio galaxies (hereafter FR II(G)s) using the Hubble diagram, and found BL Lacs and FR Is and FR II(G)s fit the same Hubble relation very well, supporting the unified schemes of BL Lacs and FR Is should include the FR II(G)s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unification of BL Lac objects, FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies and Doppler factor Estimation for BL Lac Objects

Ye,

Fan

2021

Preprint

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In this work, we collected a sample of BL Lacs, FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies with available core and extended emissions from published works to discuss the unified schemes and estimate the Doppler factor for BL Lacs. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test both suggest that the probabilities for the distribution of the extended luminosity of BL Lacs and that of FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies to be from the same parent distribution are p WRS = 0.779 and p K−S = 0.326, suggesting they are unified. Based on this unified schemes, we propose to estimate the Doppler factors for BL Lacs. Comparing the Doppler factor estimated by the fitting/regression method with those for the common sources in the literatures, we found a good linear correlation for common sources.

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“…1. From the extended radio luminosities, BL Lacs are unified with FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies, which confirmed the results by Xie et al (1993), Owen et al (1996), Fan et al (1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Unification Schemementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Unification of BL Lac objects, FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies and Doppler factor Estimation for BL Lac Objects

Ye,

Fan

2021

Preprint

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“…Some emission lines from FRII are weak enough to be BL Lac-like (Laing 1994). Fan et al (1997) found that BL Lacs, FRI and FRII have the same Hubble relation. Thus it may be appropriate to unify BL Lacs more generally with radio galaxies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Jet/accretion and unification for FSRQs/FRII and BL Lac objects/FRI radio galaxies

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Astrophys Space Sci

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We compiled a sample of 24 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), 21 BL Lacs, 13 FRI and 12 FRII radio galaxies to study the jet power and broadline luminosity relation, and the jet power and black hole mass relation. Furthermore, we obtain the histograms of key parameters. Our main results are as the follows:(i) We found that the FSRQs are roughly separated from BL Lacs by the Ledlow-Owen FRI/FRII dividing line in the log P jet − log M plane. This result supports the unification model that BL Lacs unify with FRI radio galaxies and FSRQs unify with FRII radio galaxies.(ii)We found that the coefficient of the best-fit linear regression equation of log L BLR − log P jet relation is very close to 1 for our sample. The correlation between broad line luminosity and jet power is significant which supports that jet power has a close link with accretion.

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Relativistic beaming effects in BL Lacertae objects: Evidence for RBL/XBL dichotomy

Odo

Chukwude

Ubachukwu

2017

Astrophys Space Sci

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Untitled

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Unification of BL Lac objects, FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies and Doppler factor Estimation for BL Lac Objects

Unification of BL Lac objects, FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies and Doppler factor Estimation for BL Lac Objects

Jet/accretion and unification for FSRQs/FRII and BL Lac objects/FRI radio galaxies

Relativistic beaming effects in BL Lacertae objects: Evidence for RBL/XBL dichotomy

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