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Kreyenfeld, Michaela

doi:10.1023/a:1024992712815

Cited by 56 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This was also the case for the 1970-74 cohorts who entered their childbearing years during the economic and social upheavals of the early 1990s. Our analysis also corroborates prior findings based on small-scale survey data (Arránz Becker/Lois/Nauck 2010; Huinink 2005;Huinink/Kreyenfeld/Trappe 2012;Kreyenfeld 2003) showing that East Germans are reluctant to have a second or a third child. In particular, the women born in 1965-69, many of whom had a first child just before reunification, were particularly unlikely to have a second child.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, for the critical period after reunification, there are no official statistics that would provide us with a comprehensive understanding of order-specific fertility behaviour in East and West Germany. Many of the gaps in knowledge that resulted from the lack of comprehensive official birth statistics have been filled by survey data research (Arránz Becker/Lois/Nauck 2010; Huinink 2005; Huinink/ Kreyenfeld/Trappe 2012; Kreyenfeld 2003). A consistent finding of this research is that the median age at first birth among women in East Germany increased rapidly after reunification, but remained below the high West German levels.…”

Section: Prior Research On East German Fertility and Migration After supporting

confidence: 54%

“…First, we examine the order-specific birth behaviour of women who were at risk of childbearing around the time of German reunification. While there is some existing research on order-specific birth behaviour in Germany (Goldstein/Kreyenfeld 2011;Kreyenfeld 2003; Kreyenfeld/Scholz/Peters/Wlosnewski 2010; Pötzsch 2012), there are no studies that cover the critical period of the 1990s. Second, we provide evidence on the birth timing of people who migrated from East to West Germany, and vice versa, in the years around the time of reunification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salmon migration and fertility in East Germany – An analysis of birth dynamics around German reunification

Kreyenfeld¹,

Vatterrott²

2018

JFamRes

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This paper uses rich administrative data from the Deutsche Rentenversicherung (German Pension Fund) to describe changes in the timing and the spacing of births that occurred in the period following German reunification. We examine differences in the birth dynamics of East Germans, West Germans, and women who migrated between the two parts of Germany in these years. As the pension registers provide monthly records on whether a person is living in East or West Germany, they also allow us to examine the role of regional mobility in birth behaviour. In particular, we test the “salmon hypothesis”, which suggests that migrants are likely to postpone having a child until after or around the time they return to their region of origin. Our investigation shows that a large fraction of the cohorts born in 1965-74 migrated to West Germany after reunification, but that around 50% of these migrants returned to East Germany before reaching age 40. The first birth risks of those who returned were elevated, which suggests that the salmon hypothesis explains the behaviour of a significant fraction of the East German population in the period following German reunification.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Prior Research On East German Fertility and Migration After supporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Salmon migration and fertility in East Germany – An analysis of birth dynamics around German reunification

Kreyenfeld¹,

Vatterrott²

2018

JFamRes

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“…Thereof, these regional disparities are explained with the variability in reproductive histories for East and West German women (48, 49). East German women born in the 1950s and 1960s were less frequently childless and their mean age at first childbirth was 5 years below the value for West German women (50). These two characteristics are important preventive factors in connection with breast cancer (49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Avoidable Cancer Mortality in Germany Since Reunification: Regional Variation and Sex Differences

Westerman

Mühlichen

2019

Front. Public Health

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Background: Regional comparisons of cancer-related mortality in Germany are traditionally focused on disparities between East and West Germany. Recent improvements in all-cause and cancer-related mortality show a diverse regional pattern beyond the known East-West mortality divide. A generalized approach of the avoidable/amenable cancer mortality definition is applied for suitable regional comparisons of long-term trends. Methods: Standardized death rates of preventable and amenable cancer mortality for men and women were computed for the period 1990–2014 to observe sex-specific excess mortality due to specific cancers after the German reunification. For regional comparison, three German super regions were defined in Eastern, Northwestern, and Southwestern Germany to account for similarities in long-term regional premature and cancer-related mortality patterns, socioeconomic characteristics, and age structure. Results: Since preventable and amenable cancer mortality rates typically have driven the recent trends in premature mortality, our findings underline the current regional pattern of preventable cancer mortality for males with disadvantages for Eastern Germany, and advantages for Southwestern Germany. Among women, the preventable cancer mortality has increased in Northwestern and Southwestern Germany after the German reunification but has decreased in Eastern Germany and converged to the pattern of Southwestern Germany. Similar patterns can be observed for females in amenable cancer mortality. Conclusions: Although the “traditional” East-West gap in preventable cancer mortality was still evident in males, our study provides some hints for more regional diversity in avoidable cancer mortality in women. An establishing north-south divide in avoidable cancer mortality could alter the future trends in regional cancer-related mortality in Germany.

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“…When the Wall fell and the East joined the West, new social and family policies brought new gender role expectations that departed from a rather conservative male breadwinner model. These changes contributed to changing marriage and fertility behaviors in the East (Adler 1997; Kreyenfeld 2003). East Germans’ age at first marriage rose steeply in the 1990s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The German East-West Mortality Difference: Two Crossovers Driven by Smoking

et al. 2017

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Before the fall of the Berlin Wall, mortality was considerably higher in the former East Germany than in West Germany. The gap narrowed rapidly after German reunification. The convergence was particularly strong for women, to the point that Eastern women aged 50–69 now have lower mortality despite lower incomes and worse overall living conditions. Prior research has shown that lower smoking rates among East German female cohorts born in the 1940s and 1950s were a major contributor to this crossover. However, after 1990, smoking behavior changed dramatically, with higher smoking intensity observed among women in the eastern part of Germany. We forecast the impact of this changing smoking behavior on East-West mortality differences and find that the higher smoking rates among younger East German cohorts will reverse their contemporary mortality advantage. Mortality forecasting methods that do not account for smoking would, perhaps misleadingly, forecast a growing mortality advantage for East German women. Experience from other countries shows that smoking can be effectively reduced by strict anti-smoking policies. Instead, East Germany is becoming an example warning of the consequences of weakening anti-smoking policies and changing behavioral norms.

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Cited by 56 publications

References 37 publications

Salmon migration and fertility in East Germany – An analysis of birth dynamics around German reunification

Salmon migration and fertility in East Germany – An analysis of birth dynamics around German reunification

Avoidable Cancer Mortality in Germany Since Reunification: Regional Variation and Sex Differences

The German East-West Mortality Difference: Two Crossovers Driven by Smoking

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