368 Associations Between Microbiota, Colonic Volume and Transit and the Low FODMAP Diet With and Without Added Oligofructose

Dietary fiber intervention on gut microbiota composition in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Alpha-diversity was measured in 13 studies involving 393 participants (49,59,64,72,75,77,79,80,83,88,93,97,101).…”

“…Dietary fiber intervention had no effect on α-diversity compared with placebo/low fiber comparators [MD: -0.06 Shannon diversity index (95% CI: -0.25, 0.12), P = 0.48], albeit with substantial heterogeneity (I 2 = 53%). In two of the studies not included in the meta-analysis, raffinose and resistant starch interventions did not lead to significant difference in α-diversity compared with placebo (93,101). A significant reduction in the α-diversity of fecal microbiota from baseline was detected in a trial involving flaxseed mucilage, measured by both the exponential of Shannon diversity index [-38010 (95% CI: -64473, -11546, P = 0.007)] as well as through Simpson's inverse index [-17515 (95% CI: -30992, -4038, P = 0.014)], although a betweengroup comparison was not reported (59).…”

“…rectale was measured in three studies including 42 participants. Two studies(30 participants) were suitable for meta-analysis(84,101). Dietary fiber did not impact on E. rectale abundance compared with placebo/low fiber comparators [SMD: -0.26 (95% CI: -1.20, 0.67), P = 0.58] and substantial heterogeneity was detected (I 2 = 75%) (Figure 4).…”

“…The study not eligible for meta-analysis was an inulin supplementation trial which reported no difference for within-group effects for E. rectale abundance (50).R. bromii abundance was measured in three studies encompassing 76 participants, of which allwere suitable for meta-analysis(49, 81,101). Dietary fiber had no effect on R. bromii abundance compared with placebo/low fiber comparators [SMD: 0.15 (95% CI: -0.15, 0.45), P = 0.33], with no heterogeneity detected (I 2 = 0%)(Figure 4).Dietary fiber and short-chain fatty acidsA total of 25 studies of 870 participants reported between-group differences in fecal SCFA concentration following fiber intervention(52, 53, 55, 59, 63, 64, 66-68, 71, 73, 74, 77, 80, 82, 84, 86, 90, 91, 93, 94, 96, 103, 112, 115).…”